中华人民共和国环境保护法 1

中华人民共和国环境保护法

Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China

 

第一条  为保护和改善生活环境与生态环境，防治污染和其他公害，保障人体健康，促进社会主义现代化建设的发展，制定本法。

Article 1. This Law is formulated¹ for the purpose of protecting and improving people's environment and the ecological² environment, preventing and controlling pollution and other public hazards, safeguarding human health and facilitating the development of socialist³ modernization⁴.

 

第二条  本法所称环境，是指影响人类生存和发展的各种天然的和经过人工改造的自然因素的总体，包括大气、水、海洋、土地、矿藏、森林、草原、野生生物、自然遗迹、人文遗迹、自然保护区、风景名胜区、城市和乡村等。

Article 2. " Environment " as used in this Law refers to the total body of all natural elements and artificially transformed natural elements affecting human existence and development, which includes the atmosphere, water, seas, land, minerals, forests, grasslands⁵, wildlife, natural and human remains⁶, nature reserves, historic sites and scenic⁷ spots, and urban and rural areas.

 

第三条  本法适用于中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域。

Article 3. This Law shall apply to the territory of the People's Republic of China and other sea areas under the jurisdiction⁸ of the People's Republic of China.

 

第四条  国家制定的环境保护规划必须纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，国家采取有利于环境保护的经济、技术政策和措施，使环境保护工作同经济建设和社会发展相协调。

Article 4. The plans for environmental protection formulated by the state must be incorporated into the national economic and social development plans; the state shall adopt economic and technological⁹ policies and measures favourable¹⁰ for environmental protection so as to coordinate¹¹ the work of environmental protection with economic construction and social development.

 

第五条  国家鼓励环境保护科学教育事业的发展，加强环境保护科学技术的研究和开发，提高环境保护科学技术水平，普及环境保护的科学知识。

Article 5. The state shall encourage the development of education in the science of environmental protection, strengthen the study and development of the science and technology of environmental protection, raise the scientific and technological level of environmental protection and popularize scientific knowledge of environmental protection.

 

第六条  一切单位和个人都有保护环境的义务，并有权对污染和破坏环境的单位和个人进行检举和控告。

Article 6. All units and individuals shall have the obligation to protect the environment and shall have the right to report on or file charges against units or individuals that cause pollution or damage to the environment.

 

第七条  国务院环境保护行政主管部门，对全国环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。

Article 7. The competent department of environmental protection administration under the State Council shall conduct unified¹² supervision¹³ and management of the environmental protection work throughout the country.

 

县级以上地方人民政府环境保护行政主管部门，对本辖区的环境保护工作实施统一监督管理。

The competent departments of environmental protection administration of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall conduct unified supervision and management of the environmental protection work within areas under their jurisdiction.

 

国家海洋行政主管部门、港务监督、渔政渔港监督、军队环境保护部门和各级公安、交通、铁道、民航管理部门，依照有关法律的规定对环境污染防治实施监督管理。

The state administrative¹⁴ department of marine¹⁵ affairs, the harbour superintendency administration, the fisheries administration and fishing harbour superintendency agencies, the environmental protection department of the armed forces and the administrative departments of public security, transportation, railways and civil aviation at various levels shall, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws, conduct supervision and management of the prevention and control of environmental pollution.

 

县级以上人民政府的土地、矿产、林业、农业、水利行政主管部门，依照有关法律的规定对资源的保护实施监督管理。

The competent administrative departments of land, minerals, forestry¹⁶, agriculture and water conservancy of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws, conduct supervision and management of the protection of natural resources.

 

第八条  对保护和改善环境有显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府给予奖励。

Article 8. The people's government shall give awards to units and individuals that have made outstanding achievements in protecting and improving the environment.

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