人类是大型兽类灭绝的主要原因

Early humans were the dominant¹ cause of the extinction² of a variety of species of giant beasts, new research has revealed. Scientists at the universities of Exeter and Cambridge claim their research settles a prolonged debate over whether mankind or climate change was the dominant cause of the demise³ of massive creatures in the time of the sabretooth tiger, the woolly mammoth⁴, the woolly rhino⁵ and the giant armadillo.

 

Known collectively as megafauna, most of the largest mammals ever to roam the earth were wiped out over the last 80,000 years, and were all extinct by 10,000 years ago. 

 

Lewis Bartlett, of the University of Exeter, led the research, which also involved the universities of Reading and Bristol and is published in the journal Ecography. He said cutting-edge statistical⁶ analysis had helped solve the mystery almost beyond dispute, concluding that man was the dominant force in wiping out the creatures, although climate change could also have played a lesser⁷ role. 

 

The researchers ran thousands of scenarios⁸ which mapped the windows of time in which each species is known to have become extinct, and humans are known to have arrived on different continents or islands. This was compared against climate reconstructions⁹ for the last 90,000 years. 

 

Examining different regions of the world across these scenarios, they found coincidences of human spread and species extinction which illustrate¹⁰ that man was the main agent causing the demise, with climate change exacerbating¹¹ the number of extinctions. However, in certain regions of the world - mainly in Asia - they found patterns which patterns were broadly unaccounted for by either of these two drivers, and called for renewed focus on these neglected areas for further study.

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