mcr-1基因可使细菌对多粘菌素高度耐药

时间：2015-11-20 00:42:14

（单词翻译:单击）

A new gene1 (mcr-1) that enables bacteria to be highly resistant2 to polymyxins, the last line of antibiotic3 defence we have left, is widespread in Enterobacteriaceae [1] taken from pigs and patients in south China, including strains with epidemic4 potential, according to new research published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases. The mcr-1 gene was found on plasmids, mobile DNA5 that can be easily copied and transferred between different bacteria, suggesting an alarming potential to spread and diversify6 between different bacterial7 populations.
 
"These are extremely worrying results. The polymyxins (colistin and polymyxin B) were the last class of antibiotics8 in which resistance was incapable9 of spreading from cell to cell. Until now, colistin resistance resulted from chromosomal10 mutations, making the resistance mechanism11 unstable12 and incapable of spreading to other bacteria,"[2] explains author Professor Jian-Hua Liu from South China Agricultural University in Guangzhou, China. 
 
"Our results reveal the emergence13 of the first polymyxin resistance gene that is readily passed between common bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Klesbsiella pneumoniae, suggesting that the progression from extensive drug resistance to pandrug resistance is inevitable14."[2]
 
During routine testing of food animals for antimicrobial resistance in China, Liu and colleagues isolated15 an E coli strain (SHP45) from a pig on an intensive pig farm in Shanghai that showed resistance to colistin that could be transferred to another strain. This prompted the researchers to collect bacteria samples from pigs at slaughter16 across four provinces, and from pork and chicken sold in 30 open markets and 27 supermarkets across Guangzhou between 2011 and 2014. They also analysed bacteria samples from patients presenting with infections to two hospitals in Guangdong and Zhejiang provinces. Samples were tested for antibiotic susceptibility and the mcr-1 gene using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing.

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1 gene WgKxx     
n.遗传因子，基因
参考例句：
  • A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
  • The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。
2 resistant 7Wvxh     
adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的
参考例句：
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
3 antibiotic KNJzd     
adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素
参考例句：
  • The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
  • Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。
4 epidemic 5iTzz     
n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的
参考例句：
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
5 DNA 4u3z1l     
(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸
参考例句：
  • DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
  • Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。
6 diversify m8gyt     
v.（使）不同，（使）变得多样化
参考例句：
  • Our company is trying to diversify.我们公司正力图往多样化方面发展。
  • Hills and woods diversify the landscape.山陵和树木点缀景色。
7 bacterial dy5z8q     
a.细菌的
参考例句：
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
8 antibiotics LzgzQT     
n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
  • The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。
9 incapable w9ZxK     
adj.无能力的，不能做某事的
参考例句：
  • He would be incapable of committing such a cruel deed.他不会做出这么残忍的事。
  • Computers are incapable of creative thought.计算机不会创造性地思维。
10 chromosomal 13a3145acf874e52d34a5554025f79c6     
adj.染色体的
参考例句：
  • Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样，都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
  • In mammalian species, a variety of chromosomal rearrangements are known to exist. 在哺乳类的物种中，已知有许多类型的染色体内部重新排列。 来自辞典例句
11 mechanism zCWxr     
n.机械装置；机构，结构
参考例句：
  • The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
  • The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
12 unstable Ijgwa     
adj.不稳定的，易变的
参考例句：
  • This bookcase is too unstable to hold so many books.这书橱很不结实，装不了这么多书。
  • The patient's condition was unstable.那患者的病情不稳定。
13 emergence 5p3xr     
n.浮现，显现，出现，（植物）突出体
参考例句：
  • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
  • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生，随着社会的发展而发展的。
14 inevitable 5xcyq     
adj.不可避免的，必然发生的
参考例句：
  • Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
  • The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。
15 isolated bqmzTd     
adj.与世隔绝的
参考例句：
  • His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
  • Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。
16 slaughter 8Tpz1     
n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀
参考例句：
  • I couldn't stand to watch them slaughter the cattle.我不忍看他们宰牛。
  • Wholesale slaughter was carried out in the name of progress.大规模的屠杀在维护进步的名义下进行。

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