非洲草原上的大象数量大幅下降

Paul G. Allen's Vulcan Inc. today announced the results of the $7 million, three-year Great Elephant Census¹ (GEC - http://www.greatelephantcensus.com/), the first-ever pan-African survey of savanna² elephants using standardized³ data collection and validation⁴ methods. Managed by Elephants Without Borders (EWB,) the immense project's report confirms substantial declines in elephant numbers over just the last decade. The researchers report that the current rate of species decline is 8 percent per year, primarily due to poaching. The Pan-African survey shows the estimated savannah elephant population to be 352,271 within the 18 countries surveyed to-date, representing at least 93 percent of savannah elephants in these countries. For savannah elephant populations in 15 of the GEC countries, for which repeat counts were available, populations declined by 30 percent between 2007 and 2014. 84 percent of the population surveyed was sighted in legally protected areas compared to 16 percent in unprotected areas. However, large numbers of carcasses were observed in many protected areas indicating that elephants are struggling both within and outside of parks. Experts say the ivory trade and poaching pose serious threats and there is now a risk that savannah elephants could disappear from parts of Africa. The scientific report of the GEC findings was published on August 31, in the peer-reviewed open access journal PeerJ and is freely accessible at https://peerj.com/articles/2354/ 

 

The GEC team used the most accurate, up-to-date counting and statistical⁵ methods to analyze⁶ data, accurately⁷ determining the number and distribution of the great majority of African savanna elephants and this now provides a baseline on a continental⁸ scale for future surveys and trend analyses, that wildlife ecologists will be able to use to coordinate⁹ conservation efforts. 

 

Overall, 90 scientists, six non-governmental organization partners, and two advisory¹⁰ partners, managed by a team at Paul Allen's Vulcan Inc. collaborated¹¹ in the work. These included the organizations Elephants Without Borders, the Wildlife Conservation Society, the Nature Conservancy, Frankfurt Zoological Society, African Parks Network and the advisory groups Save the Elephants and the International Union for Conservation of Nature's African Elephant Specialist Group. The effort was conducted which partnered with in country park biologists, rangers¹², and game wardens¹³.

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