蝌蚪和青蛙

时间：2020-04-07 07:31:17

（单词翻译:单击）

Children who are fond of country walks, and who use their eyes well,
喜欢在乡村漫步并且善于观察的孩子们
will be sure to notice in early spring little lumps of jelly floating on some pond by the roadside.
一定在早春时分看到过这样的场景：路边的池塘中经常会漂浮着一小块一小块的胶状物体。
This jelly-like stuff consists of a number of frogs' eggs or "spawn1. "
这些胶状物质由大量的青蛙卵, 叫做“卵块”组成。
If we look at the spawn very closely, we shall see a great many black specks2.
仔细观察, 就会发现这中间有很多黑色斑点,
Each of these specks is the centre of an egg.
每一个斑点就是青蛙卵的核心部分。
Let us return to the pond a month later.
一个月之后再回到池塘,
The spawn has gone, for all the eggs have burst open, and out of each one has come a little animal called a tadpole3.
这些卵已经不见了, 因为它们全部破裂开来, 从中钻出了一种名叫蝌蚪的小动物。
Tadpoles4 are very funny-looking little things about an inch in length, each with a large round black head and a flat tail.
蝌蚪的样子非常有趣：体长一英寸左右, 脑袋又大又圆, 尾巴却是侧偏的。
They swim about in the water by the help of their tail, and they are very much like little fishes in many other ways.
它们通过摆动尾巴在水中游走, 除此之外, 它们和鱼还有很多类似之处。
They have little pink gills, which stick out on each side of their head.
蝌蚪脑袋的两侧分别长有一个粉红色的小鳃。
By its gills the tadpole can breathe the air which is dissolved in the water, just as a fish does.
通过这个器官, 蝌蚪便能够像鱼那样呼吸溶于水中的空气。
The little creature soon dies if it is taken out of the water, for it cannot breathe the air as we do.
它们离开了水, 很快就会死去, 因为它们无法和人类一样呼吸空气。
Each tadpole has a mouth with tiny teeth to gnaw5 the plants on which it feeds.
每只蝌蚪的嘴巴里都长有细小的牙齿, 用来刮食植物。
It is very curious to watch the changes that take place in the tadpole during the three months or so that it lives in the water.
蝌蚪在水中生活三个月的时间, 这期间, 它们的身体能够发生很多有趣的变化。
The gills become covered over, and lungs grow inside the body to do their work.
鳃逐渐被覆盖起来, 身体内部长出了肺, 用于进行呼吸。
The tail becomes shorter, and near it two legs break through the skin.
蝌蚪的尾巴变得更短, 而旁边则长出两条小腿。
Then other two legs come out nearer to the head.
很快, 头部附近也会出现这样的两条腿。
The tadpole is now able to walk, and to breathe the air just as we do, so it crawls out of the pond and lives in the damp grass.
 
现在, 蝌蚪能够爬行了, 而且可以像人类一样进行呼吸。因此, 它们会离开池塘, 进入到潮湿的草地中生活。
Its tail becomes still shorter, and soon disappears.
它的尾巴会变得更短, 然后便消失不见了。
Now it is no more a tadpole; it has become a young frog.
这时, 它不再是蝌蚪, 而是发育成为幼年青蛙。
Every one must have seen frogs jumping about in the wet grass by the roadside on a summer evening.
大家肯定都在夏季傍晚时候的路边湿草地里, 看到过一蹦一跳的青蛙。
They are quite harmless, and you may take one in your hand without any fear.
它们不会对我们造成任何威胁, 因此你不必害怕, 可以拿起来放在手中仔细观察。
But if you do pick one up to look at it, be very careful not to hurt it.
然而, 如果你真的这样做, 请不要弄伤它。
Look at the squat6, stumpy body of the animal, with its very short neck and three-cornered head.
你可以看到它矮胖、粗短的身体, 短短的脖子以及三角形的脑袋。
The frog is about two or three inches in length, and is mottled with brown and yellow on the back; but it is lighter7 in colour underneath8.
青蛙的体长大约在两到三英寸, 背部长满了棕黄色的斑点；但是它的腹部颜色却比较明亮。
The skin has no fur or hair, but it is covered with a slimy fluid.
青蛙的皮肤上没有任何毛发, 但是却覆盖着一层黏滑的液体。
The two hind9 legs are long and Strong. Each of the hind feet has five toes, which are joined by a web.
青蛙的两条后腿又长又壮, 每只后脚都有五根脚趾, 通过蹼连接在一起。
The two front legs are much shorter and weaker.
两条前腿较短, 也远没有那么粗壮。
The front feet have only four toes each, and they are not webbed.
前脚只有四根脚趾而且没有蹼。
The limbs of the frog remind us of those of the rabbit;
青蛙的四肢与兔子颇为相似,
for with both these animals it is the hind legs which do most of the work in helping10 them to move about.
因为这两种动物都主要依靠后腿进行运动。
The frog has no tail; and although it has a backbone11, it has no ribs12.
青蛙没有尾巴；虽然长有脊柱但是却没有肋骨。
Its two eyes are large, and stand far out from its head.
青蛙的两只眼睛很大而且突出在脑袋之外。
Each eye has two eyelids14, the under eyelid13 being made of thin and clear skin.
每只眼睛都长有两层眼皮, 下面那层眼皮由轻薄的透明皮肤构成。
The frog has a large mouth; but as it does not chew its food, it has only a few tiny teeth in its upper jaw15.
青蛙的嘴巴很大；但是, 它很少会咀嚼食物, 因此只有在上腭处长有几颗小牙齿。
The tongue of the frog is most useful to the creature in catching16 the flies and other small insects on which it feeds.
 
青蛙的舌头非常有用, 就是依靠它来捕食苍蝇与其他小型昆虫。
It is joined to the lower jaw in front, and not at the back as our tongues are.
舌头与下腭的前端相连, 而我们的舌头则是长在下腭的后端。
Thus the tongue of the frog lies in the mouth pointing backwards17.
因此, 青蛙的舌头蜷缩在嘴巴里, 朝向后方。
At its tip there is a kind of sticky pad.
它的舌头顶端有一片沾满粘液的区域。
When the frog sees a fly which it wants to catch, it thrusts out its tongue till the sticky pad touches the insect, which is then drawn18 into the frog's mouth.
当青蛙看到一只想要捕捉的苍蝇时就会伸出舌头, 当那块粘液区域接触到猎物时后者便成为了青蛙口中的美食。
The red tongue is thrust out and pulled back so quickly that you can hardly see it move.
红色的舌头瞬间吐出并收回, 你几乎看不到它的移动情况。
Have you ever noticed that the frog is always swallowing something?
你有没有注意到这样一个现象：青蛙总是在吞食东西?
What he swallows is air; and this is the only way in which the air gets to his lungs.
它吞食的就是空气, 正是通过这样一种方法, 青蛙的肺部才能吸收到空气。
Frogs breathe very slowly, and do not take into their bodies so much air in proportion to their size as we do.
青蛙的呼吸非常缓慢, 由于体型相差甚多, 它所需要的空气远没有人类那么多。
For this reason the frog's blood is cold, while our blood is warm.
因此, 青蛙属于冷血动物, 而人类则是恒温动物。
Frogs do not eat plants, so they do no harm in a garden.
青蛙不以植物为食, 不会破坏我们的花园。
But they do a great deal of good in such a place; for they feed on insects and slugs, and other small animals which do eat plants.
实际上, 它们还是花园的卫士, 因为那些以植物为食的昆虫与鼻涕虫正是它们的猎物。
Frogs are most often seen in damp and wet weather, for then they come out of their hiding-places to enjoy the moisture.
青蛙最喜欢潮湿的天气, 那时, 它们都会从藏身之处跑出来。
They like water because it helps to keep their skin moist.
它们喜欢水, 因为这样可以保持皮肤湿润。
If their skin gets dry, they soon die.
如果皮肤变得干燥, 那么青蛙很快就会死亡。
Never hurt the poor frogs, for they do no harm but much good.
千万不要伤害可怜的青蛙, 因为它们对人类有百利而无一害。
When you hear them calling "Croak19, croak, " to each other in the ponds, do not throw stones at them.
当你听到它们在池塘中用“呱呱”的叫声与同伴交流时, 请不要往水中扔石头。

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1 spawn qFUzL     
n.卵，产物，后代，结果；vt.产卵，种菌丝于，产生，造成；vi.产卵，大量生产
参考例句：
  • The fish were madly pushing their way upstream to spawn.鱼群为产卵而疯狂地向上游挤进。
  • These fish will lay spawn in about one month from now.这些鱼大约一个月内会产卵。
2 specks 6d64faf449275b5ce146fe2c78100fed     
n.眼镜；斑点，微粒，污点( speck的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Minutes later Brown spotted two specks in the ocean. 几分钟后布朗发现海洋中有两个小点。 来自英汉非文学 - 百科语料821
  • Do you ever seem to see specks in front of your eyes? 你眼睛前面曾似乎看见过小点吗？ 来自辞典例句
3 tadpole GIvzw     
n.[动]蝌蚪
参考例句：
  • As a tadpole changes into a frog,its tail is gradually absorbed.蝌蚪变成蛙，它的尾巴就逐渐被吸收掉。
  • It was a tadpole.Now it is a frog.它过去是蝌蚪，现在是一只青蛙。
4 tadpoles 1abae2c527b80ebae05cd93670639707     
n.蝌蚪( tadpole的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • The pond teemed with tadpoles. 池子里有很多蝌蚪。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Both fish and tadpoles have gills. 鱼和蝌蚪都有鳃。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
5 gnaw E6kyH     
v.不断地啃、咬；使苦恼，折磨
参考例句：
  • Dogs like to gnaw on a bone.狗爱啃骨头。
  • A rat can gnaw a hole through wood.老鼠能啃穿木头。
6 squat 2GRzp     
v.蹲坐，蹲下；n.蹲下；adj.矮胖的，粗矮的
参考例句：
  • For this exercise you need to get into a squat.在这次练习中你需要蹲下来。
  • He is a squat man.他是一个矮胖的男人。
7 lighter 5pPzPR     
n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级
参考例句：
  • The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色，色调明朗了一些。
  • The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。
8 underneath VKRz2     
adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面
参考例句：
  • Working underneath the car is always a messy job.在汽车底下工作是件脏活。
  • She wore a coat with a dress underneath.她穿着一件大衣，里面套着一条连衣裙。
9 hind Cyoya     
adj.后面的，后部的
参考例句：
  • The animal is able to stand up on its hind limbs.这种动物能够用后肢站立。
  • Don't hind her in her studies.不要在学业上扯她后腿。
10 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的
参考例句：
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
11 backbone ty0z9B     
n.脊骨，脊柱，骨干；刚毅，骨气
参考例句：
  • The Chinese people have backbone.中国人民有骨气。
  • The backbone is an articulate structure.脊椎骨是一种关节相连的结构。
12 ribs 24fc137444401001077773555802b280     
n.肋骨( rib的名词复数 )；（船或屋顶等的）肋拱；肋骨状的东西；（织物的）凸条花纹
参考例句：
  • He suffered cracked ribs and bruising. 他断了肋骨还有挫伤。
  • Make a small incision below the ribs. 在肋骨下方切开一个小口。
13 eyelid zlcxj     
n.眼睑，眼皮
参考例句：
  • She lifted one eyelid to see what he was doing.她抬起一只眼皮看看他在做什么。
  • My eyelid has been tumid since yesterday.从昨天起，我的眼皮就肿了。
14 eyelids 86ece0ca18a95664f58bda5de252f4e7     
n.眼睑( eyelid的名词复数 )；眼睛也不眨一下；不露声色；面不改色
参考例句：
  • She was so tired, her eyelids were beginning to droop. 她太疲倦了，眼睑开始往下垂。
  • Her eyelids drooped as if she were on the verge of sleep. 她眼睑低垂好像快要睡着的样子。 来自《简明英汉词典》
15 jaw 5xgy9     
n.颚，颌，说教，流言蜚语；v.喋喋不休，教训
参考例句：
  • He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
  • A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。
16 catching cwVztY     
adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住
参考例句：
  • There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
  • Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。
17 backwards BP9ya     
adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地
参考例句：
  • He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。
  • All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。
18 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的
参考例句：
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
19 croak yYLzJ     
vi.嘎嘎叫，发牢骚
参考例句：
  • Everyone seemed rather out of sorts and inclined to croak.每个人似乎都有点不对劲，想发发牢骚。
  • Frogs began to croak with the rainfall.蛙随着雨落开始哇哇叫。

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