单腿站立能力可以反映健康水平

一项新研究发现，单腿站立的能力可以反映出你的健康水平，并能预知你十年内去世的风险。无法单腿站立10秒钟的人的死亡风险要高出84%，患有肥胖、心脏病、高血压的比例也更大。

 

An inability to stand on one leg for 10 seconds in later life is linked to nearly double the risk of death from any cause within the next decade, according to a new study.

一项新研究发现，中老年人如果无法单腿站立10秒钟，未来十年内由任何因素导致的死亡风险将会翻番。

 

The simple balance test may be useful to include in routine physical exams for people in middle and old age, the research, which was published Tuesday in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, suggested.

6月21日发表在《英国运动医学杂志》的这项研究指出，这项简单的平衡测试也许很适合被纳入中老年人的常规体能测试。

 

While aging leads to a decline in physical fitness, muscle strength and flexibility¹, balance tends to be reasonably well-preserved until a person's 50s, when it starts to wane² relatively³ rapidly, the research noted⁴. Previous research has linked the inability to stand on one leg to a greater risk of falls and to cognitive⁵ decline.

研究指出，尽管衰老会导致体能、肌肉力量和灵活性下降，但是良好的平衡力通常会保持到50多岁，之后平衡力就会快速下降。先前的研究指出，无法单腿站立意味着跌倒及认知衰退的风险增大。

 

The study involved 1,702 people ages 51 to 75 living in Brazil, who were asked to balance unsupported on one leg during an initial check. Researchers told the participants to place the front of the free foot behind the standing⁶ leg, keep their arms by their sides and eyes fixed⁷ straight ahead. Up to three attempts on either foot were permitted.

该研究涵盖了1702名年龄在51岁到75岁之间的巴西居民，他们被要求在初次测试中完全靠自己单腿站立。研究人员让参与者把不沾地的那只脚的脚面放在站立的那条腿后面，把两只手臂放在身体两侧，双目直视前方。最多有三次尝试机会，任何一只脚站立都可以。

 

Being able to balance on one leg is important for older people for a number of reasons, and it is also reflective of wider fitness and health levels, said study author Dr. Claudio Gil Araújo at Exercise Medicine Clinic - CLINIMEX - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

该研究的作者、来自巴西里约热内卢运动医学诊所CLINIMEX的克劳迪奥·吉尔·阿劳若博士称，单腿站立的平衡能力对于中老年人很重要，原因是多方面的，而且单腿站立能力还能反映出总体的健康水平。

 

The study participants had an average age of 61 and two-thirds of them were men. Around 1 in 5 failed to balance on one leg for 10 seconds at the initial checkup.

研究参与者的平均年龄为61岁，其中三分之二为男性。约五分之一的参与者在初次测试中未能单腿站立10秒钟。

 

Researchers monitored the participants after the initial checkup for a period of seven years, during which 123 -- 7% -- of the people being studied died. The proportion of deaths among those who failed the test (17.5 %) was significantly higher than deaths among those who were able to balance for 10 seconds (4.5%).

研究人员在初次测试后监测这些参与者长达七年，在此期间有123人（7%）离开人世。未能完成测试者（17.5%）的死亡率明显高于那些能单腿站立10秒钟的人（4.5%）。

 

The study found that for those unable to complete the balance test there was an 84% higher risk of death from any cause, and this link remained even when other factors -- including age, sex, BMI, and preexisting conditions or health risks such as coronary artery⁸ disease, hypertension, obesity⁹, high cholesterol¹⁰ and diabetes¹¹ -- were taken into account.

研究发现，未能完成平衡测试的人死于任何因素的风险比其他人高出84%，即使将年龄、性别、身体质量指数以及冠心病、高血压、肥胖、高胆固醇和糖尿病等原有疾病或健康风险之类的其他因素考虑在内，二者仍然存在关联。

 

The research was observational and doesn't reveal cause and effect. The study didn't look at any possible biological mechanisms¹² that might explain the link between poor balance and longevity¹³.

这项研究是观察性的，没有揭示因果关系。该研究没有探究任何可能解释平衡力不佳和寿命之间联系的生理机制。

 

In general, those who failed the test had poorer health and included a higher proportion of people who were obese¹⁴ and/or had heart disease, high blood pressure, and unhealthy blood fat profiles, according to the study. Type 2 diabetes was also more common among those who failed to complete the test.

研究指出，总体来看，那些未能通过测试的人健康状况更差，其中患有肥胖和/或心脏病、高血压、高血脂的比例更大。未能完成测试者当中患有2型糖尿病的情况也更普遍。

 

The study took place between 2009 and 2020 and was part of wider research project that started in 1994.

该研究是在2009年至2020年期间开展的，是始于1994年的一个更广泛的研究项目的一部分。

 

The inability to complete the balance test rose with age, more or less doubling at subsequent 5-year intervals¹⁵ from the age range of 51 to 55 and onward¹⁶. More than half (around 54%) of study participants ages 71 to 75 were unable to complete the test, compared with 5% in the lowest age bracket who couldn't do it.

未能完成平衡测试的情况随着年龄增长而增多，51岁到55岁及以上年龄段在随后五年间做不到的人数几乎翻倍。超半数（约54%）年龄在71岁到75岁之间的研究参与者未能完成测试，相比之下，年龄最小的参与者只有5%做不到。

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