酒精依赖症患者缺乏重要的酶
时间:2023-08-21 09:12:56
(单词翻译:单击)
People with alcohol dependency lack important
enzyme1
A research group under the leadership of Linköping University Professor Markus Heilig has identified an enzyme whose production is turned off in nerve cells of the frontal
lobe2 when alcohol
dependence3 develops. The deficiency in this enzyme leads to continued use of alcohol despite
adverse4 consequences. The discovery is now published in the number-one ranked psychiatric journal from the Nature Publishing Group, and could mean completely new possibilities for treating alcoholism.
林雪平大学教授Markus Heilig领导的一个研究小组发现了一种酶,当酒精依赖性发展时,这种酶在额叶神经细胞中的产生会被关闭。这种酶的缺乏会导致持续使用酒精,尽管会产生不良后果。这一发现现在发表在自然出版集团排名第一的精神病学杂志上,这可能意味着治疗酗酒的全新可能性。
He and his research group are linking together research into alcoholism and other
addictive5 illnesses with advanced brain research. It has long been suspected that people with alcohol dependence have
impaired6 function in the frontal
lobes7 of the brain, but the
underlying8 biological
mechanisms9 have not been known. The research team behind the paper, which includes researchers from both Linköping University and University of Miami, is the first to identify this
molecular11 mechanism10.
他和他的研究小组正在将酗酒和其他成瘾性疾病的研究与高级大脑研究联系起来。长期以来,人们一直怀疑酒精依赖者大脑额叶功能受损,但其潜在的生物学机制尚不清楚。这篇论文背后的研究团队,包括林雪平大学和迈阿密大学的研究人员,是第一个确定这种分子机制的人。
Several years of
dedicated12 research lie behind this breakthrough. The research, in which Dr Estelle Barbier - post-doctoral fellow at CSAN - had a central role, has shown that alcohol dependence in rats leads to a down-regulation of PRDM2 production, which in turn leads to disruption of impulse control. This is why the laboratory animals continue to consume alcohol, even when it is unpleasant. If they are subjected to stress, they also quickly relapse into drinking alcohol.
这一突破背后有几年的专注研究。CSAN博士后研究员Estelle Barbier博士在这项研究中发挥了核心作用,该研究表明,大鼠的酒精依赖会导致PRDM2产生的下调,进而导致冲动控制的中断。这就是为什么实验动物继续饮酒,即使是在不愉快的时候。如果他们受到压力,他们也会很快重新酗酒。
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收听单词发音
1
enzyme
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n.酵素,酶 |
参考例句: |
- Above a certain temperature,the enzyme molecule will become unfolded.超过一定温度,酶分子将会展开。
- An enzyme that dissolves the fibrin of blood clots.能溶解血凝块中的纤维的酶。
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2
lobe
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n.耳垂,(肺,肝等的)叶 |
参考例句: |
- Tiny electrical sensors are placed on your scalp and on each ear lobe.小电器传感器放置在您的头皮和对每个耳垂。
- The frontal lobe of the brain is responsible for controlling movement.大脑前叶的功能是控制行动。
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3
dependence
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n.依靠,依赖;信任,信赖;隶属 |
参考例句: |
- Doctors keep trying to break her dependence of the drug.医生们尽力使她戒除毒瘾。
- He was freed from financial dependence on his parents.他在经济上摆脱了对父母的依赖。
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4
adverse
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adj.不利的;有害的;敌对的,不友好的 |
参考例句: |
- He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
- The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。
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5
addictive
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adj.(吸毒等)使成瘾的,成为习惯的 |
参考例句: |
- The problem with video game is that they're addictive.电子游戏机的问题在于它们会使人上瘾。
- Cigarettes are highly addictive.香烟很容易使人上瘾。
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6
impaired
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adj.受损的;出毛病的;有(身体或智力)缺陷的v.损害,削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 ) |
参考例句: |
- Much reading has impaired his vision. 大量读书损害了他的视力。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
- His hearing is somewhat impaired. 他的听觉已受到一定程度的损害。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
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7
lobes
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n.耳垂( lobe的名词复数 );(器官的)叶;肺叶;脑叶 |
参考例句: |
- The rotor has recesses in its three faces between the lobes. 转子在其凸角之间的三个面上有凹槽。 来自辞典例句
- The chalazal parts of the endosperm containing free nuclei forms several lobes. 包含游离核的合点端胚乳部分形成几个裂片。 来自辞典例句
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8
underlying
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adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的 |
参考例句: |
- The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
- This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
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9
mechanisms
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n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 );机械装置;[生物学] 机制;机械作用 |
参考例句: |
- The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
- He explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
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10
mechanism
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n.机械装置;机构,结构 |
参考例句: |
- The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
- The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。
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11
molecular
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adj.分子的;克分子的 |
参考例句: |
- The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms.这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。
- For the pressure to become zero, molecular bombardment must cease.当压强趋近于零时,分子的碰撞就停止了。
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12
dedicated
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adj.一心一意的;献身的;热诚的 |
参考例句: |
- He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
- His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。
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