托业考试综合辅导(14a)

pallet n. straw-filled mattress¹; hard and simple bed; platform used to stack items during moving or storage; potter's tool; board where ceramics² are place while drying; board for holding and mixing paints

pamper³ v. to treat with excessive indulgence; to give in to; gratify

panel n. group of judges; board, flat piece of wood; band; strip; crew; team; staff

paradigm⁴ n. model; ideal; mold; form; example; pattern

parameter⁵ n. variable which determines the form of a function; value which is transferred to a function or program and affects its operation (Computers)

paramount⁶ adj. superior, supreme⁷; above all; of the highest rank; most important

parentheses⁸ n. the characters ( ); text enclosed in parentheses; act of isolating⁹ by parentheses (Syntax)

participate v. to be involved; to join in

particular adj. special; unusual; uncommon¹⁰; detailed¹¹; meticulous¹²; precise; pedantic¹³; strict

particular n. detail; individual characteristic; item; article; specific proposition (Logic)

particularly adv. especially; specifically

partition n. the act or process of dividing something into parts; the state of being so divided; a part or section into which something has been divided

part-time n. system used to place one event in relation to another (such as past vs. present, yesterday vs. today); period; era; hour; rate

passport n. official document issued by a given country that identifies one's citizenship¹⁴ and personal details and allows passage into foreign countries

patch n. area of fabric¹⁵ used to repair a hole; stain; bandage; lot; plot of land; small repair to a program which adds or changes only a small part of the program (Computers)

patch v. to cover a hole with a piece of material; to use as a patch; to use to cover a hole

path n. track; lane; route; search route; list of libraries where the operating system DOS will search for a file that the user tries to activate¹⁶ (Computers)

patience n. tolerance¹⁷; forbearance

patron n. one that supports, protects, or champions someone or something; a customer, especially a regular customer

payable¹⁸ adj. may be settled

payment n. wage; salary; compensation; bonus; punishment

payroll¹⁹ n. financial sheet listing salaries; list of workers who receive wages and salaries

peculiar²⁰ adj. exceptional; special; strange; odd; curious; unique; singular

peddle²¹ v. to hawk²²; to vend²³; to deal; to distribute; to sell

pedestrian adj. of, relating to, or made for pedestrians²⁴

pedestrian n. a person traveling on foot; a walker

pedicure n. cosmetic²⁵ foot treatment

penalize²⁶ v. to punish

penalty n. punishment; fine; punishment in the form of a financial payment

perceive v. to feel; to sense; to be aware of; to distinguish; to discern; to see; to behold²⁷

percent n. one part of a hundred

percentile n. one of a set of points on a scale arrived at by dividing a group into parts in order of magnitude

peremptory²⁸ adj. putting an end to all debate or action; not allowing contradiction or refusal; imperative²⁹; offensively self-assured; dictatorial³⁰

perennial³¹ adj. lasting³² throughout the whole year; continuing for many years; perpetual; everlasting³³

perennial n. something that continues for many years

perfect adj. flawless; complete; undamaged

perfect v. to refine; to improve; to complete; to make faultless

perform v. to do; to carry out; to execute; to act; to fulfill³⁴ a role in a show; to present; to arrange; to direct; to manage

performance n. show; presentation; execution; act; deed; act of presenting an artistic³⁵ work to an audience

periodical adj. occurring at regular intervals³⁶; recurrent; cyclic; seasonal³⁷; periodic

periodical n. magazine; journal

perishable³⁸ adj. expendable; spoils rapidly; likely to spoil; mortal

perishable n. product which can rot or spoil (fruit, food etc.)

permanent adj. lasting; enduring; perpetual; regular; fixed³⁹; invariable

permeate⁴⁰ v. to enter; to penetrate⁴¹; to infiltrate⁴²; to pervade⁴³; to suffuse⁴⁴

perpetuate⁴⁵ v. to eternalize; to make everlasting; to preserve from extinction⁴⁶

persistence⁴⁷ n. diligence; tenacity⁴⁸; stubbornness; continuation

persistent⁴⁹ adj. tenacious⁵⁰; stubborn; persevering⁵¹; constant; continual; diligent⁵²

personnel n. staff; work force; team; crew

perspective n. viewpoint; outlook; vista⁵³; view

perspiration⁵⁴ n. the fluid, consisting of water with small amounts of urea and salts, that is excreted through the pores of the skin by the sweat glands⁵⁵; sweat; the act or process of perspiring⁵⁶

perspire⁵⁷ v. to excrete perspiration through the pores of the skin

persuade v. to convince; to induce; to sway

persuasion⁵⁸ n. inducement; act of convincing

pertain⁵⁹ v. to belong to; to be connected to; to relate; to refer

pertinent⁶⁰ adj. relevant; related; appropriate; fitting

pervasive⁶¹ adj. penetrating⁶²; infiltrating⁶³; spreading; extending; permeating⁶⁴; suffusing⁶⁵

petition n. a solemn supplication⁶⁶ or request to a superior authority; an entreaty⁶⁷; a formal written document requesting a right or benefit from a person or group in authority

petrol n. type of fuel; gasoline (British)

pharmacist n. druggist; apothecary⁶⁸

pick up v. to choose; to select; to pluck; to pull out; to tear out; to peck; to strike with a sharp instrument

pioneer n. pathfinder; forerunner⁶⁹; person who paves the way; member of a military engineering corps⁷¹

pioneer v. to pave the way; to create a path; to guide; to lead the way; to initiate⁷²; to originate

pipe n. tube; tube used for smoking tobacco; windpipe; trachea; flute⁷³; whistle; whistling sound; toot; character which instructs an operating system to direct output of one program to the input⁷⁴ of another program (Computers)

pipe v. to convey a fluid; to transport a liquid; to make a high-pitched sound

pitch n. relative highness or lowness of a sound; tar⁷⁰; asphalt; throw; toss; slant⁷⁵; inclination⁷⁶; place of business

pitch v. to establish; to erect⁷⁷; to throw; to toss; to cover with tar; to spread with tar

place v. to put; to lay; to lodge⁷⁸; to house; to nominate; to appoint; to charge with

placid⁷⁹ adj. serene⁸⁰; quiet; peaceful; tranquil⁸¹; relaxed; calm

plaid n. colorful fabric with a pattern of square s and crossbars

plain adj. clear; evident; simple; unembellished; ugly; unattractive; flat; smooth

plausible⁸² adj. seemingly or apparently⁸³ valid⁸⁴, likely, or acceptable; credible⁸⁵; giving a deceptive⁸⁶ impression of truth or reliability⁸⁷

plug n. cork⁸⁸; stopper; electrical connector; obstruction⁸⁹; block; fire hydrant; advertisement

plug v. to cap; to cork; to stop up; to block; to publicize; to advertise

plumber⁹⁰ n. person who works with pipe and water systems

plummet⁹¹ v. to fall straight down; plunge⁹²; to decline suddenly and steeply

pointer n. indicator⁹³; something used to point; hand on a clock; clue; advice; hunting dog

poll n. voting, electing; list of voters; counting of votes; number of votes; referendum

poll v. to receive votes; to vote; to elect; to count votes; to make a survey; to trim tree branches; to prune⁹⁴ a tree; to cut off the horns of an animal

ponder v. to reflect; to think; to consider; to meditate⁹⁵

portable adj. mobile; moveable; can be transported from one place to another

portfolio⁹⁶ n. briefcase⁹⁷; attache case; list of securities and stocks; position of a government minister

portion n. a section or quantity within a larger thing; a part of a whole; a part separated from a whole; a part that is allotted⁹⁸ to a person or group

portrait n. a likeness⁹⁹ of a person, especially one showing the face, that is created by a painter or photographer; a verbal picture or description, especially of a person

pose n. stance

pose v. to stance

possess v. to control; to dominate; to hold; to have as a quality; to own; to have as property

possession n. custody¹⁰⁰; tenure¹⁰¹; property; asset; control; ownership

possibility n. probability; feasibility; chance; likelihood

postage n. money paid for postal¹⁰² services; fee for sending letters or packages by mail

postpone¹⁰³ v. to put off to a later time; to delay; to defer¹⁰⁴; to put off until later; to stay

posture¹⁰⁵ n. viewpoint; standpoint; stance; condition; state; mood; attitude

posture v. to pretend; to feign¹⁰⁶

potency¹⁰⁷ n. power; strength; force; capacity to be