LSAT模拟试题：LSAT模拟试题TEST5逻辑1a

　　Time-35 minutes

　　24 Questions

　　Directions： The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer： that is the response that most accurately¹ and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense² standards implausible, superfluous³, or incompatible⁴ with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer, blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

　　1.Parent 1： Ten years ago, children in communities like ours did not date until they were thirteen to fifteen years old. Now our nine to eleven year olds are dating. Obviously, children in communities like ours are becoming romantically interested in members of the opposite sex at an earlier age today than they did ten years ago.

　　Parent 2： I disagree. Our nine to eleven year olds do not want to date, but they feel intense peer pressure to act grown up by dating.

　　Parent 2, in responding to Parent 1, does which one of the following.'

　　（A） draws a conclusion about a new phenomenon by comparing it to a phenomenon that is known and understood

　　（B） refutes a generalization⁵ about nine- to eleven-year-old children by means of an exceptional case overlooked by Parent 1

　　（C） assumes that nine- to eleven-year-old children are as interested in dating as thirteen- to fifteen-year-old children

　　（D） provides an alternative explanation for the changes in children's dating described by Parent 1

　　（E） criticizes Parent I as a proponent⁶ of a claim rather than criticizing the claim itself

　　2. All cattle ranchers dislike long winters. All ski resort owners like long winters because long winters mean increased profits. Some lawyers are cattle ranchers.

　　Which one of the following statements, if true and added to those above, most supports the conclusion that no ski resort owners arc lawyers？

　　（A） Some cattle ranchers are lawyers.

　　（B） Some people who dislike long winters are not cattle ranchers.

　　（C） All lawyers are cattle ranchers.

　　（D） All people who dislike long winters are cattle ranchers.

　　（E） All people with increasing profits own ski resorts.

　　3. Citizen of Mooresville： Mooresville's current city council is having a ruinous effect on municipal finances. Since a majority of the incumbents⁸ are running for reelection, I am going to campaign against all these incumbents in the upcoming city council election. The only incumbent⁷ I will support and vote for is the one who represents my own neighborhood, because she has the experience necessary to ensure that our neighborhoods interests are served. If everyone in Mooresville would follow my example, we could substantially change the council's membership.

　　Assuming that each citizen of Mooresville is allowed to vote only for a city council representative from his or her own neighborhood, for the council's membership to be changed substantially, it must be true that

　　（A） at least some other voters in Mooresville do not make the same exception for their own incumbent in the upcoming election

　　（B） most of the eligible⁹ voters in Mooresville vote in the upcoming election

　　（C） few of the incumbents on the Mooresville city council have run for reelection in previous elections

　　（D） all of the seats on the Mooresville city council are filled by incumbents whose terms are expiring

　　（E） none of the cha1lengers in the upcoming election for seats on Mooresville's city council are better able to serve the interests of their neighborhoods than were the incumbents

　　4. Marianna： The problem of drunk driving has been somewhat ameliorated by public education and stricter laws. Additional measures are nevertheless needed. People still drive after drinking, and when they do, the probability is greatly increased that they will cause an accident involving death or serious injury

　　David： I think you exaggerate the dangers of driving while drunk. Actually, a driver who is in an automobile¹⁰ accident is slight1y less likely to be seriously injured if drunk than if sober.

　　In responding to Marianna 's argument. David makes which one of the following errors of reasoning？

　　（A） He contradicts himself.

　　（B） He assumes what he is seeking to establish.

　　（C） He contradicts Marianna 's conclusion without giving any evidence for his point of view.

　　（D） He argues against a point that is not one that Marianna was making.

　　（E） He directs his criticism against the person making the argument rather than directing it against the argument itself.

　　5. From a magazine article： Self-confidence is a dangerous virtue¹¹： it often degenerates¹² into the vice¹³ of arrogance¹⁴. The danger of arrogance is evident to all who care to look. How much more humane¹⁵ the twentieth century would have been without the arrogant¹⁶ self-confidence of a Hitler or a Stalin.

　　The author attempts to persuade by doing all of the following EXCEPT

　　（A） Using extreme cases to evoke an emotional response

　　（B） Introducing value-laden terms, such as "vice"

　　（C） Illustrating the danger of arrogance

　　（D） Appealing to authority to substantiate an assertion

　　（E） Implying that Hitler's arrogance arose from self-confidence