奥地利女议员认为国歌有“性别歧视”

奥地利国歌《山的土地，河的土地》一直被看作是对该国锦绣河山和动荡历史的完美写照。但是，奥地利议会一些女性议员却认为这首歌的歌词有严重的“性别歧视”意味，并上交提案要求对国歌歌词进行修改以体现真正的男女平等。

To some, Austria's national anthem¹（国歌） is the perfect celebration of the Alpine² country, paying tribute to the mountains and streams Julie Andrews extolled³（颂扬，赞美） in the Sound of Music, while touching⁴ on the "feuds⁵" and "fights" that marred⁶ its tumultuous（吵闹的） past. All above a rousing melody that many believe was written by Mozart.

The only problem, according to a group of female Austrian MPs, is that it is horribly sexist. Sixty-four years after its adoption⁷, they have proposed a bill, supported by a majority of MPs, to change the lyrics⁸ of Land of Mountains to acknowledge the 51.4% of Austrians who are not men.

The song's first verse, written in 1947 by Paula von Preradovic, says Austria is home to "great sons". The MPs want to tack¹⁰ "and daughters" on the end, ignoring those who complain it doesn't fit the tune¹¹. The third stanza¹² refers to a "choir¹³ of brothers" – this, say the protesters, should be changed to a "joyous¹⁴ choir".

To promote their cause, the top Austro-Hungarian opera singer Ildikó Raimondi has made a special recording¹⁵ of the new version.

Not everyone is happy. Carmen Gartelgruber, the opposition¹⁶ Freedom Party of Austria, mocked（嘲弄） the idea. "Next thing someone will suggest that the eagle on Austria's coat of arms should be carrying a make-up bag instead of a sickle," she said during a parliamentary debate earlier this year.

The Green party's Judith Schwentner, one of the bill's initiators, said she had been surprised by the aggression¹⁷ towards the idea from Austria's far-right parties. In a telephone interview on Monday she reported how Stefan Petzner, an MP from the Alliance of the Future of Austria (BZÖ), suggested during the bill's first reading that the lyrics might as well be changed so that the song refers not to a "land of cathedrals" but a "land of dominatrixes（专横的女人） " – a gag that relies on the similarity for the German word for cathedral (dome) and dominatrixes (dominas). "Austrian politics is still a boys' club," sighed Schwentner. "Only 28% of MPs are women."

Petzner is no stranger to controversy¹⁸ – the 30-year-old ruffled¹⁹ feathers three years ago when he suggested that he had been the gay lover of the former BZÖ leader, Jörg Haider, who died in a car crash in 2008.

Schwentner said she believed the lyric⁹ change would be "an important symbol for equality in Austria". It wouldn't solve the most pressing problems for women, she admitted – "it won't close the gender²⁰ pay gap, but it sends an important message that women are also part of this society".

A preliminary decision on the lyric change is expected from the constitutional committee in the Austrian parliament on 22 November. MPs will then vote on the measure in December, said Schwenter.

If it passes, the new version will be sung at all official events from the new year and will feature in all new editions of school textbooks.

Earlier this year Peruvians launched a campaign to change their national anthem because it was too "negative".

Lyrics of Austria's national anthem--Land of Mountains

Land of mountains, land by the stream,

Land of fields, land of cathedrals,

Land of hammers, with a promising²¹ future,

You are home to great sons,

A nation highly blessed with beauty,

Much-praised Austria,

Much-praised Austria!

Strongly feuded²² for, fiercely hard-fought for,

You lie in the middle of the continent

Like a strong heart,

Since the early days of the ancestors you have

Borne the burden of a high mission,

Much tried Austria,

Much tried Austria.

Bravely towards the new ages

See us striding, free, and faithful,

Assiduous and full of hope,

Unified²³, in fraternal choirs²⁴, let us

Pledge allegiance to you, Fatherland

Much beloved Austria,

Much beloved Austria.