美国军火商强烈建议扩大武器禁售标准

A scientific survey of gun dealers¹ and pawnbrokers²（当铺老板） in 43 U.S. states has found nearly unanimous support for denying gun purchases based on prior convictions（前科） and for serious mental illness with a history of violence or alcohol or drug abuse -- conditions that might have prevented Washington Navy Yard shooter Aaron Alexis from legally purchasing a firearm. The research, conducted by the UC Davis Violence Prevention Research Program, is to be published in the Journal of Urban Health. It was accepted for publication on September 13. 

 

The research is the third report from the UC Davis' Firearm Licensee Survey, which assessed support among federally licensed³ firearms retailers⁴ for a background check requirement on all firearm transfers and selected criteria⁵ for denying handgun purchases.

 

The survey is believed to be the first of its kind to gather the views of federally licensed firearms dealers and pawnbrokers on important social issues and the firearms business itself.

 

"Retailers are well aware and concerned that prohibited persons, those with criminal intent and persons at high risk of committing crimes can readily acquire firearms under current conditions," said Garen Wintemute, professor of emergency medicine and director of the UC Davis Violence Prevention Research Program. "Our survey was conducted in 2011 prior to mass shootings in Aurora⁶, Colorado; Oak Creek⁷, Wisconsin; Newtown, Connecticut; and the Washington Navy Yard. Levels of concern may now be higher among firearm retailers, as they are among the public in general."

 

Background checks, additional denial criteria endorsed⁸

 

The survey found that most respondents (55.4 percent) supported a comprehensive background check requirement, with 37.5 percent strongly favoring it. Of those who favored comprehensive background checks, the strength of their support corresponded to the degree that respondents agreed it is too easy for criminals to get guns, recommended more severe sentences for illegal firearm purchasing and provided higher estimates on the prevalence of illegal gun sales by other retailers.

 

By wide margins¹⁰, respondents endorsed three existing policies that deny handgun purchases to individuals convicted of aggravated¹¹ assault involving a lethal¹² weapon or causing serious injury, armed robbery, or domestic violence. They also strongly supported six of nine potential denial criteria proposed in the survey. The percentage of support for existing (*) or proposed criterion for denial of handgun purchases are detailed¹³ below: *Aggravated assault, involving a lethal weapon or serious injury, 99.1 percent *Armed robbery, 99.3 percent *Assault and battery on an intimate partner:/ domestic violence, 79.6 percent Publicly displaying a firearm in a threatening manner, 84.8 percent Possession of equipment for illegal drug use, 80.7 percent Assault and battery, not involving a lethal weapon or serious injury, 67.4 percent Resisting arrest, 53.1 percent Alcohol abuse, with repeated cases of alcohol-related violence, 90.1 percent Alcohol abuse, with repeated cases driving under the influence (DUI) or similar offenses¹⁴, 70.7 percent Serious mental illness, with a history of violence, 98.9 percent Serious mental illness, with a history of alcohol or drug abuse, 97.4 percent Serious mental illness, but no violence and no alcohol or drug abuse, 91.2 percent 

 

"Respondents very strongly supported an array of criteria for denial of handgun purchase by wide margins and in some cases nearly unanimously," Wintemute said. "Support fell below a two-thirds margin⁹ in a single case: resisting arrest."

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