TED演讲:一就是一吗

时间:2020-03-12 08:15:13

(单词翻译:单击)

Which is correct: "A dozen eggs is?" Or "A dozen eggs are?"
I remember being in elementary school, and my teachers making a big deal about the unit.
And I never really got that, until one day, I was in the grocery store, and I wanted to buy an apple, but I couldn't buy one apple. I had to buy a whole bag of apples.
So I did. I bought one bag of apples, I took it home, I took one apple out of the bag, and I cut it up.
And then I ate one slice.
One bag, one apple, one slice. Which of these is the real "one"?
Well, they all are of course, and that's what my elementary teachers were trying to tell me.
Because this is the important idea behind whole number place value, decimal1 place value and fractions.
Our whole number system depends on being able to change what we count as "one".
Our whole number system depends on being able to change units.
There are two ways to change units.
We can compose, and we can partition2.
When we compose units, we take a bunch of things, we put them together to make a bigger thing, like a dozen eggs.
We take 12 eggs, put them together to make a group, and we call that group a dozen.
A dozen eggs is a composed unit.
Other examples of composed units include a deck of cards, a pair of shoes, a jazz quartet and of course, Barbie and Ken3 make a couple.
But think about a loaf of bread.
That's not a composed unit, because we don't get a bunch of slices from a bunch of different bakeries and put them together to make a loaf.
No, we start with a loaf of bread and we cut it into smaller pieces called slices, so each slice of bread is a partitioned4 unit.
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Other examples of partitioned units include a square of a chocolate bar, a section of an orange and a slice of pizza.
The important thing about units is that once we've made a new unit, we can treat it just like we did the old unit.
We can compose composed units, and we can partition partitioned units.
Think about toaster pastries5.
They come in packs of two, and then those packs get put together in sets of four to make a box.
So when I buy one box of toaster pastries, am I buying one thing, four things, or eight things?
It depends on the unit.
One box, four packs, eight pastries.
And when I share a slice of pizza with a friend, we have to cut "it" into two smaller pieces.
So a box of toaster pastries is composed of composed units, and when I split6 a slice of pizza, I'm partitioning7 a partitioned unit.
But what does that have to do with math?
In math, everything is certain.
Two plus two equals four, and one is just one.
But that's not really right.
One isn't always one.
Here's why: we start counting at one, and we count up to nine: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, and then we get to 10, and in order to write 10, we write a one and a zero.
That one means that we have one group, and the zero helps us remember that it means one group, not one thing.
But 10, just like one, just like a dozen eggs, just like an egg, 10 is a unit.
And 10 tens make 100.
So when I think about 100, it's like the box of toaster pastries.
Is 100 one thing, 10 things or 100 things?
And that depends on what "one" is, it depends on what the unit is.
So think about all the times in math when you write the number one.
No matter what place that one is in, no matter how many things that one represents, one is.

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1 decimal 3xpxo     
adj.十进的,小数的,十进制的;n.小数
参考例句:
  • He knows the decimal rules.他懂得十进制的用法。
  • Britain converted to decimal currency on February 15th,1971.英国于1971年2月15日改用十进位币制。
2 partition YLIxj     
n.分开,隔板,隔开;vt.分割,隔开
参考例句:
  • She tapped on the glass partition and the car stopped.她轻轻敲击玻璃隔板,汽车便停了下来。
  • There is a plywood partition between the two rooms.两个房子中间有一个夹板墙。
3 ken k3WxV     
n.视野,知识领域
参考例句:
  • Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
  • Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.
4 partitioned 954917e655e6e5d6f08e0d5fd20dab8c     
分段的
参考例句:
  • A small bathroom has been partitioned off from the original kitchen. 从原来的厨房隔出一间小浴室来。
  • They partitioned the inside into offices. 他们把屋子内部分隔成一间间办公室。
5 pastries 8f85b501fe583004c86fdf42e8934228     
n.面粉制的糕点
参考例句:
  • He gave a dry laugh, then sat down and started on the pastries. 杜新箨说着干笑一声,坐下去就吃点心。 来自子夜部分
  • Mike: So many! I like Xijiang raisins, beef jerky, and local pastries. 麦克:太多了。我最喜欢吃新疆葡萄干、牛肉干和风味点心。
6 split avXwG     
n.劈开,裂片,裂口;adj.分散的;v.分离,分开,劈开
参考例句:
  • Who told you that Mary and I had split up?谁告诉你玛丽和我已经离婚了?
  • The teacher split the class up into six groups.老师把班级分成6个小组。
7 partitioning 0ed18af4a331425de585a6e24b3d967d     
分割法,分区技术,分割; 细分; 分块
参考例句:
  • The stationary bed consists of an inert support impregnated with the partitioning liquid. 固定床是由浸透着分配液的惰性液体所构成。
  • A principle contribution to this work has been the partitioning of intelligence into component abilities. 对这项工作作出重大贡献的是把智力划分成各种组合能力。

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