国际农业发展基金代表:中非农业合作让双方共同受益 Agri-cooper

时间:2023-07-03 01:12:37

(单词翻译:单击)

 
国际农业发展基金代表贝诺特·蒂埃里和马泰奥·马尔基西奥认为,非洲可以从中国的农村发展经验中获益良多。20年来,国际农业发展基金、中国和非洲一直在开展南南合作项目,促进了中非之间的知识、技术和发展解决方案交流。
 
The Eighth Ministerial Conference of the Forum1 on China-Africa Cooperation held in Dakar, Senegal, in November marked China's new commitment to Africa for the next three years on the theme of "strengthening partnership2 and sustainable development for a Chinese-African community with a shared future in a new era".
去年11月,中非合作论坛第八届部长级会议在塞内加尔达喀尔举行,本届会议主题是“深化中非伙伴合作,促进可持续发展,构建新时代中非命运共同体”。会议上,中国宣布了未来三年对非合作新举措。
In this ambitious cooperation program, agriculture, food security, and overall sustainable rural transformation3 have a central place given their importance to the development of African countries.
在这一雄心勃勃的合作计划中,农业、粮食安全和全面可持续的农村转型对非洲国家的发展至关重要。
There is much that Africa can benefit from China's experience in rural development. China has succeeded in feeding 1.4 billion people-about one-fifth of the world's population-with less than 10 percent of the world's arable4 land and less than 7 percent of the world's water resources. On the other hand, although the African continent has 60 percent of the world's potentially arable land and although agriculture production in Africa has increased 160 percent over the past 30 years, many African countries still suffer from food insecurity and a low-productive agricultural sector5.
非洲可以从中国的农村发展经验中获益良多。中国用不到全球10%的耕地和不到全球7%的水资源成功养活了约全球五分之一的人口(14亿人)。另一方面,尽管非洲大陆拥有全球60%的潜在耕地,非洲的农业生产在过去30年中增长了160%,但许多非洲国家仍然面临粮食安全问题和农业生产效率低下问题。
At the International Fund for Agricultural Development, we are well placed to see how Africa can benefit from this cooperation.
国际农业发展基金见证了非洲如何从中非合作中受益。
For two decades, the IFAD, China and Africa have been working together on South-South cooperation programs, which have facilitated the transfer of technologies and good practices between China and Africa. For instance, successful biogas digester technologies for rural households introduced by the IFAD in China's Guangxi Zhuang autonomous6 region in early 2000 were later replicated7 in several African countries through IFAD-funded projects.
20年来,国际农业发展基金、中国和非洲一直在开展南南合作项目,促进了中非之间的技术和优良实践经验交流。例如,国际农业发展基金于2000年初在中国广西壮族自治区为农村家庭引进的成功沼气池技术,后来通过该基金资助的项目在几个非洲国家推广。
Transfer of knowledge, technologies and development solutions between countries from the Global South-including between China and Africa-have also been pursued by IFAD through the establishment in 2018 of a South-South Cooperation Facility with the financial contribution of the Chinese government.
国际农业发展基金还通过2018年在中国政府的资助下建立的一处南南合作设施,在南方国家之间(包括中非之间)转让知识、技术和发展解决方案。
An example of how China's experience and best practices could benefit Africa can be seen in the "Great Green Wall" initiative, a tree-planting program implemented8 in China since 1978 to prevent the expansion of the Gobi Desert that generated a number of benefits: it reduced the impact of dust storms, reduced soil erosion, protected China's grasslands9, and helped absorb millions of tons of greenhouse gas emissions10.
“绿色长城倡议”是中国自1978年就开始实施的一项植树工程,旨在防止戈壁沙漠扩张,这项工程产生了诸多益处,包括减少了沙尘暴影响,减少了土壤侵蚀,保护了中国的草原,并帮助吸收了数百万吨温室气体。
A similar initiative, the "Great Green Wall for the Sahara and the Sahel", is being implemented by the African Union to combat desertification in the Sahel region and restore 250 million hectares of degraded land, mainly for agricultural use. The initiative is expected to create 10 million jobs, and sequester11 250 million tons of carbon. The IFAD, on its part, will lead the delivery of the Great Green Wall initiative "umbrella program", which will help promote investments to build forest resources, strengthen agro-pastoral practices and guarantee water supply, while facilitating the resolution of conflicts at the community level in the region. Such an initiative could greatly benefit from China's Great Green Wall experience.
非盟正在实施一项类似的倡议,即“绿色长城撒哈拉和萨赫勒倡议”,目的是防治萨赫勒地区荒漠化,恢复2.5亿公顷的退化土地,主要用于农业用途。该倡议预计将创造1000万个就业机会,并封存2.5亿吨碳。国际农业发展基金则将牵头实施绿色长城倡议的“总括计划”,这将有助于促进投资,建设森林资源,加强农牧业实践和保障供水,同时促进解决该地区部落冲突。这样的倡议可以从中国的“绿色长城”经验中受益匪浅。
But the IFAD's South-South cooperation does not focus only on technology transfer. Between 2009 and 2018, the IFAD and China jointly12 supported a series of South-South cooperation workshops that facilitated exchanges between Chinese and African policymakers, a major development given the role of policy dimension in promoting sustainable rural transformation and achieving Sustainable Development Goals No 1(no poverty) and No 2(no hunger).
但国际农业发展基金的南南合作并不只集中在技术转让上。在2009年至2018年期间,该基金和中国共同支持了一系列南南合作研讨会,促进了中国和非洲政策制定者之间的交流,这是一项重大进展,因为政策在促进农村可持续转型和实现可持续发展第一目标(消除贫困)和第二目标(零饥饿)中发挥了重要作用。
There is much Africa can learn from Asia in general, and China in particular, in terms of land reform. China's second land reform in 1978, for instance, is recognized as one of the key factors that triggered China's rapid economic growth and rural transformation. The reform, also known as household responsibility system, replaced collective farming by contracting cultivated land to all village households. This had positive effects on the equitable13 distribution of land to farmers, and ultimately on agricultural productivity, food security and poverty alleviation14.
在农村土地改革方面,非洲可以向整个亚洲,特别是中国学习很多东西。例如,中国的家庭联产承包责任制被认为是触发中国经济快速增长和农村转型的关键因素之一。这项改革将耕地承包给所有农户。这对农业生产力、粮食安全和减贫产生了积极影响。
Finally, China-Africa cooperation does not have to be restricted to technologies and policies; it can more broadly also include "approaches". A well-noted approach in China that favoured the integration15 of small producers in profitable value chains, for example, foresaw the establishment of a contractual business relationship between smallholder farmers and "dragonhead enterprises", subject to meeting quality standards.
最后,中非合作不必局限于技术和政策;还可以扩大至具体做法。例如,中国一个备受关注的“做法”是支持吸纳农户加入可盈利的利益链,该做法使农户在符合质量标准的前提下和“龙头企业”之间建立合同关系。
The public sector could support smallholder farmers to develop the required quality to enter into these types of contracts with the agro-enterprises. This type of "contract farming" between smallholder farmers and large agro-enterprises is also promising16 in Africa, as proved during the past decades in the cotton, cocoa and market gardening sectors17. And it can be extended to many other sectors in agriculture and livestock18, as shown by the recent success of the poultry19 sector in Senegal.
政府部门可以支持农户提高农产品质量,达到与农业企业签订此类合同所需的标准。正如过去几十年在棉花、可可和园艺产品行业所证明的那样,农户和大型农业企业之间的这种“订单农业”也很有希望在非洲实践。这种做法还可以扩展到农业和畜牧业的许多其他领域,塞内加尔家禽业最近取得的成功就是明证。
Such cooperation between the public sector, the private sector and small-scale producers can lead to enormous production gains, which Africa needs in the next 30 years. But despite African agricultural growth averaging 2 percent a year over the past three decades, it has failed to catch up with population growth.
政府、私营企业和小规模农户之间的这种合作可以带来巨大的生产收益,这是非洲未来30年所需要的。在过去三十年非洲农业的年平均增长率为2%,但却未能赶上人口增长。
Hence, a paradigm20 shift is needed for food production to keep pace with Africa's increasing population, which is expected to double by 2050. We at the IFAD believe that this type of cooperation, combined with the support programs for small producers that the IFAD is setting up, will make it possible to achieve more equitable food systems, capable of producing food of quality and providing decent incomes for producers while preserving the environment.
因此,粮食生产需要转变模式,以跟上非洲人口的增长,预计到2050年,非洲人口将翻一番。国际农业发展基金相信,通过该类型合作以及国际农业发展基金正在建立的对小规模农户的支持计划,将有可能实现更公平的粮食体系,能够生产高质量的粮食,并在保护环境的同时为生产者提供体面的收入。
There is much Africa can benefit from China's experience, and the IFAD is well-placed to facilitate such cooperation in the rural and agricultural sectors.
非洲可以从中国的经验中受益匪浅,国际农业发展基金完全有能力促进农村和农业方面的此类合作。

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1 forum cilx0     
n.论坛,讨论会
参考例句:
  • They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
  • The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。
2 partnership NmfzPy     
n.合作关系,伙伴关系
参考例句:
  • The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
  • Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。
3 transformation SnFwO     
n.变化;改造;转变
参考例句:
  • Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
  • He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。
4 arable vNuyi     
adj.可耕的,适合种植的
参考例句:
  • The terrain changed quickly from arable land to desert.那个地带很快就从耕地变成了沙漠。
  • Do you know how much arable land has been desolated?你知道什么每年有多少土地荒漠化吗?
5 sector yjczYn     
n.部门,部分;防御地段,防区;扇形
参考例句:
  • The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
  • The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。
6 autonomous DPyyv     
adj.自治的;独立的
参考例句:
  • They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
  • This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。
7 replicated 08069c56938bbf6ddcc01ee2fd848af5     
复制( replicate的过去式和过去分词 ); 重复; 再造; 再生
参考例句:
  • Later outplant the seedlings in a replicated permanent test plantation. 以后苗木出圃栽植成重复的永久性试验林。
  • The phage has replicated and the donor cells have lysed. 噬菌体已复制和给体细胞已发生裂解。
8 implemented a0211e5272f6fc75ac06e2d62558aff0     
v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 );执行;贯彻;使生效
参考例句:
  • This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革,经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句
9 grasslands 72179cad53224d2f605476ff67a1d94c     
n.草原,牧场( grassland的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Songs were heard ringing loud and clear over the grasslands. 草原上扬起清亮激越的歌声。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • Grasslands have been broken and planted to wheat. 草原已经开垦出来,种上了小麦。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 emissions 1a87f8769eb755734e056efecb5e2da9     
排放物( emission的名词复数 ); 散发物(尤指气体)
参考例句:
  • Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
  • Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。
11 sequester Czhw5     
vt.使退隐,使隔绝
参考例句:
  • Everything he owned was sequestered.他的所有财产都被扣押了。
  • This jury is expected to be sequestered for at least two months.预计这个陪审团将至少被隔离两个月。
12 jointly jp9zvS     
ad.联合地,共同地
参考例句:
  • Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
  • She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。
13 equitable JobxJ     
adj.公平的;公正的
参考例句:
  • This is an equitable solution to the dispute. 这是对该项争议的公正解决。
  • Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得,乃公平之事。
14 alleviation e7d3c25bc432e4cb7d6f7719d03894ec     
n. 减轻,缓和,解痛物
参考例句:
  • These were the circumstances and the hopes which gradually brought alleviation to Sir Thomas's pain. 这些情况及其希望逐渐缓解了托马斯爵士的痛苦。
  • The cost reduction achieved in this way will benefit patients and the society in burden alleviation. 集中招标采购降低的采购成本要让利于患者,减轻社会负担。 来自英汉 - 翻译样例 - 口语
15 integration G5Pxk     
n.一体化,联合,结合
参考例句:
  • We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
  • This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。
16 promising BkQzsk     
adj.有希望的,有前途的
参考例句:
  • The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
  • We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。
17 sectors 218ffb34fa5fb6bc1691e90cd45ad627     
n.部门( sector的名词复数 );领域;防御地区;扇形
参考例句:
  • Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
18 livestock c0Wx1     
n.家畜,牲畜
参考例句:
  • Both men and livestock are flourishing.人畜两旺。
  • The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。
19 poultry GPQxh     
n.家禽,禽肉
参考例句:
  • There is not much poultry in the shops. 商店里禽肉不太多。
  • What do you feed the poultry on? 你们用什么饲料喂养家禽?
20 paradigm c48zJ     
n.例子,模范,词形变化表
参考例句:
  • He had become the paradigm of the successful man. 他已经成为成功人士的典范。
  • Moreover,the results of this research can be the new learning paradigm for digital design studios.除此之外,本研究的研究成果也可以为数位设计课程建立一个新的学习范例。

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