美国恢复对部分中国商品关税豁免,释放哪些信号?Experts applau

时间:2023-07-03 01:26:18

(单词翻译:单击)

 
近日,美国贸易代表办公室发布声明,宣布将恢复352项自中国进口商品的加征关税豁免。美国此次对中国进口商品的关税豁免,说明了哪些问题?在此时推出豁免政策出于什么考虑?
 
The US decision to reinstate certain "Section 301" tariff1 exclusions2 for Chinese product categories sends a positive signal for benign3 interactions in bilateral4 economic and trade relations, which will help stabilize5 expectations for global supply and industrial chains, experts said on Monday.
专家3月28日表示,美国决定恢复对“301条款”中涉及的部分中国进口商品的关税豁免,这为中美双边经贸关系的良性互动释放了积极信号,将有助于稳定对全球供应链和产业链的预期。
They said reinstating tariff exclusions on Chinese goods will help the US deal with rising inflationary pressure, reduce costs within global supply chains and benefit enterprises and consumers from both sides.
专家称,恢复对中国进口商品的关税豁免将有助于美国应对不断上涨的通胀压力,降低其在全球供应链上的成本,并使双方的企业和消费者受益。
Wang Peng, a researcher at Huazhong University of Science and Technology's Institute for State Governance, said the US administration's attempts to decouple the two economies harm US consumers and enterprises, and US importers and consumers have absorbed most of the additional costs resulting from the additional tariffs6 on Chinese products.
华中科技大学国家治理研究所研究员王鹏认为,美国政府试图将中美两个经济体脱钩的做法损害了美国消费者和企业的利益,而美国进口企业和消费者已经承担了美国对中国商品加征关税而造成的大部分额外成本负担。
Wang said the exemptions7 suggest that the US recognizes that the two nations have strong economic complementarity, and the decision will help create favorable conditions to expand bilateral trade and economic cooperation. "It will be good for the global economy."
王鹏称,这次恢复部分中国商品关税豁免表明,美国认识到两国具有很强的经济互补性,这一决定将为扩大双边经贸合作创造有利条件,有利于全球经济发展。
Noting that the list includes consumer goods and industrial products, Xu Hongcai, deputy director of the China Association of Policy Science's economic policy committee, said the move will help the US alleviate8 high inflationary pressure.
中国政策科学研究会经济政策委员会副主任徐洪才指出,此次豁免名单包括消费品和工业品,此举将有助于美国缓解高通胀压力。
Although the 352 newly announced categories only account for around one-seventh of the over 2,200 exclusions previously9 granted by the Trump10 administration, the reinstated exemptions are great news for Chinese industries, Xu said.
徐洪才表示,尽管与特朗普时期2200多种中国商品获得了关税豁免资格相比,此次拜登政府批准的352种商品不过是其七分之一。但美国此举仍会给中国相关产业带来一定的利好预期。
Citing the USTR statement, Luo Zhiheng, chief economist11 at Yuekai Securities, said the US move aims to meet its domestic production and consumption needs as well as cushion the economy.
粤开证券首席经济学家罗志恒引用美国贸易代表办公室的声明称,这份关税豁免清单旨在满足其美国国内生产和消费需求,同时缓冲经济。
Luo said US trade frictions12 with China not only harm the interests of US companies and consumers but also disrupt industrial and supply chains worldwide.
罗志恒认为,中美贸易摩擦不仅损害了美国公司和消费者的利益,而且扰乱了全球产业链和供应链。
"The global economy is facing multiple pressures from COVID-19, high inflationary pressures and geopolitical tensions," Luo said. "The exemptions will help ease the risk of escalation13 of trade frictions and stabilize global industrial chains."
“新冠疫情、全球通胀压力和地缘政治紧张局势,使全球经济面临多重压力,恢复对中国商品的关税豁免将有助于缓解贸易摩擦升级的风险,稳定全球产业链。”
He said the list covers over $60 billion worth of Chinese products, which accounted for about 12 percent of China's total exports to the US in 2021. "It will support China's exports in 2022, and it will also benefit Chinese manufacturing sectors14 in fields including mechanical equipment, home appliances and furniture.
罗志恒说,这份清单涵盖了价值超过600亿美元的中国商品,占2021年中国对美出口总额的约12%。此举将有利于在今年提振中国出口,机械设备、家用电器和家具等领域的中国制造业也将因此受益。”
"For the US side, the exemptions will help lower prices of imported goods and thus ease inflationary pressure. As the list includes urgently needed parts and anti-pandemic materials, that will also help ensure the security of US supply chains," Luo said.
罗志恒称:“对美方来说,这份豁免清单将有助于降低进口商品的价格,从而缓解通胀压力。由于清单中包括急需的零部件和防疫用品,这也将有助于确保美国供应链的安全。”
Wang Meiting, a researcher with the Bank of China Research Institute, said it is not easy for the US to find substitutes in a short time and thus the possibility of a further increase in tariff exclusions on Chinese goods cannot be ruled out.
中国银行研究院研究员王梅婷表示,美国想在短时间内找到替代品并不容易,因此不能排除进一步扩大对中国进口商品的关税豁免的可能性。
Wang said the exemptions demonstrate China's key role in stabilizing15 global supply and industrial chains. "The reinstated exemptions are sending a positive signal to bilateral trade and even global trade. It showcases that the US prioritizes stabilizing the economy instead of containing China's development."
王梅婷称,美国此举证明中国在稳定全球供应链和产业链方面的关键作用。“美国恢复对这些中国进口商品的关税豁免,向中美双边贸易乃至全球贸易发出了积极信号。表明美国优先考虑稳定经济,而不是遏制中国发展。”
Considering that the exemptions are part of a larger US drive to dampen inflationary pressure, Wang expects to see more steps to bring bilateral economic trade ties back to normal.
考虑到美国此举是其为缓解通胀压力而采取的措施之一,王梅婷预计,美国将采取更多措施,可促使中美双边经贸关系恢复正常。

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1 tariff mqwwG     
n.关税,税率;(旅馆、饭店等)价目表,收费表
参考例句:
  • There is a very high tariff on jewelry.宝石类的关税率很高。
  • The government is going to lower the tariff on importing cars.政府打算降低进口汽车的关税。
2 exclusions c6fc0a7508c1a1fe9e233e81d31133b8     
n.不包括的项目:如接受服务项目是由投保以前已患有的疾病或伤害引致的,保险公司有权拒绝支付。;拒绝( exclusion的名词复数 );排除;被排斥在外的人(或事物);排外主义
参考例句:
  • This is a trifle compared with the important exclusions. 比之其它重要的排除,这只是一件小事。 来自辞典例句
  • For detailed exclusions, please refer to each policy's terms and conditions. 具体的免赔责任请详见条款。 来自互联网
3 benign 2t2zw     
adj.善良的,慈祥的;良性的,无危险的
参考例句:
  • The benign weather brought North America a bumper crop.温和的气候给北美带来大丰收。
  • Martha is a benign old lady.玛莎是个仁慈的老妇人。
4 bilateral dQGyW     
adj.双方的,两边的,两侧的
参考例句:
  • They have been negotiating a bilateral trade deal.他们一直在商谈一项双边贸易协定。
  • There was a wide gap between the views of the two statesmen on the bilateral cooperation.对双方合作的问题,两位政治家各自所持的看法差距甚大。
5 stabilize PvuwZ     
vt.(使)稳定,使稳固,使稳定平衡;vi.稳定
参考例句:
  • They are eager to stabilize currencies.他们急于稳定货币。
  • His blood pressure tended to stabilize.他的血压趋向稳定。
6 tariffs a7eb9a3f31e3d6290c240675a80156ec     
关税制度; 关税( tariff的名词复数 ); 关税表; (旅馆或饭店等的)收费表; 量刑标准
参考例句:
  • British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。
  • The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。
7 exemptions 98510082c83cd5526d8e262de8a35d2d     
n.(义务等的)免除( exemption的名词复数 );免(税);(收入中的)免税额
参考例句:
  • The exemptions for interpretive rules, policy statements, and procedural rules have just been discussed. 有关解释性规则、政策说明和程序规则的免责我们刚刚讨论过。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
  • A: The regulation outlines specific exemptions for some WPM. 答:该规定概述了某些木质包装材料的特定的例外情形。 来自互联网
8 alleviate ZxEzJ     
v.减轻,缓和,缓解(痛苦等)
参考例句:
  • The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain.医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。
  • Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
9 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
10 trump LU1zK     
n.王牌,法宝;v.打出王牌,吹喇叭
参考例句:
  • He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
  • The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手,作为他的王牌。
11 economist AuhzVs     
n.经济学家,经济专家,节俭的人
参考例句:
  • He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
  • He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家,自以为什么都懂。
12 frictions c3b12b9aeb795425cb3a97ab92bf2232     
n.摩擦( friction的名词复数 );摩擦力;冲突;不和
参考例句:
  • Family frictions can interfere with a child's schoolwork. 家庭中的争吵会影响孩子的学业。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • As far as we are concerned, these frictions are not of our own making [have been imposed on us]. 就我们来说,这种摩擦是被动式的。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
13 escalation doZxW     
n.扩大,增加
参考例句:
  • The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
  • Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句
14 sectors 218ffb34fa5fb6bc1691e90cd45ad627     
n.部门( sector的名词复数 );领域;防御地区;扇形
参考例句:
  • Berlin was divided into four sectors after the war. 战后柏林分成了4 个区。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Industry and agriculture are the two important sectors of the national economy. 工业和农业是国民经济的两个重要部门。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
15 stabilizing 37789793f41246ac9b11622dadb461ab     
n.稳定化处理[退火]v.(使)稳定, (使)稳固( stabilize的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • The disulfide bridges might then be viewed primarily as stabilizing components. 二硫桥可以被看作是初级的稳定因素。 来自辞典例句
  • These stabilizing design changes are usually not desirable for steady-state operation. 这些增加稳定性的设计改变通常不太符合稳态工作的要求。 来自辞典例句

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