孩子经常眨眼，要谨防抽动障碍

The clinic often encounters parent counseling: "doctor, my child recently often winks² and makes eyes as if he is about to sneeze and cannot hit the appearance, others say that the child is naughty, I checked on the Internet, can not be tourette?"

门诊部经常咨询父母：“医生，我的孩子最近经常眨眼，就像他不会打喷嚏一样。其他人说这孩子很淘气。我在网上查过，难道不是多发性抽动症吗？”

 

Parents' concerns are understandable, but we often miss an important point: children's behaviour needs to be analysed in terms of age and environment.

父母有这样的担忧是可以理解的，但是我们经常忽略一个非常重要的问题：孩子的行为需要根据他们的年龄和环境来具体分析。

 

For example, the 3-6 year old preschooler boy is in the lively, active stage, the performance is strong curiosity, naughty, naughty, attention easily distracted situation, the parents will think the child has "hyperactivity", which is not appropriate.

比如3～6岁学龄前男童正处于活泼、好动的阶段，表现为好奇心强、贪玩、调皮、注意力易分散的情况，家长会认为孩子患有“多动症”，这是不恰当的。

 

In addition to mischievous³ naughty, the child loves "wink¹ make eyes" there are many reasons, such as suffering from conjunctivitis, rhinitis, twitch⁴ disorder⁵, epilepsy and other diseases, is the need for doctors to make a differential diagnosis⁶.

除了调皮淘气，孩子爱“挤眉弄眼”的原因还有很多，比如患有结膜炎、鼻炎、抽动障碍、癫痫等疾病，是需要医生进行鉴别诊断的。

 

When parents find that their children behave differently from others, they often think of turning to the Internet for help.

家长在发现孩子有不同于别人的表现时，往往想到的是求助于网络。

 

If you find a disease that matches your child's performance, you assume the child has a disease.

如果查到有些疾病和孩子的表现相符，就先入为主地认为孩子患有某种疾病。

 

In this case, we recommend that parents seek the help of a professional medical professional, do not give their children a "label".

在这种情况下，我们建议家长寻求专业的医务人员的帮助，切莫给自己孩子乱贴“标签”。

 

In addition, if the child frequently appears abnormal "winking⁷" behavior, we should not ignore another disease - twitch disorder.

此外，如果孩子频繁出现反常的“挤眉弄眼”行为，我们不要忽视另一种疾病——抽动障碍。

 

This is a neuropsychiatric disease that starts in childhood, with simple or complex involuntary, repetitive, rapid muscle twitching⁸ of one or more parts and vocal⁹ twitching as the main clinical manifestations¹⁰, and can be accompanied by varying degrees of hyperactivity, inattention, forced movement or other behavioral symptoms.

这是一种起病于儿童期，以简单或复杂的不自主、重复、快速的一个或多个部位肌肉抽动和发声抽动为主要临床表现的神经精神疾病，可伴有不同程度的多动、注意力不集中、强迫动作或其他行为症状。

 

This disease has obvious genetic¹¹ tendency, and gender¹² difference is significant, the incidence of boys is higher than girls, more at school age children.

本病具有明显的遗传倾向，且性别差异显著，男孩的发病率高于女孩，多见于学龄期儿童。

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