一些与足球、世界杯相关的小知识 中

小组赛/淘汰赛

Group stage/knockout phase

 

世界杯小组赛的32支参赛队抽签分为八个小组，每组四队进行比赛，小组赛共进行48场比赛。每支球队都必须和其他三支球队进行且只进行一场比赛，胜、平、负分别积3、1、0分。

 

The World Cup group stage will whittle¹ the field for the tournament down from 32 teams to 16, with the top two teams in each group advancing to the knockout phase.

世界杯小组赛将从32支球队中选出“16强”，每个小组的前两名晋级淘汰赛。

 

淘汰赛每个阶段只进行一场比赛，获胜方直接晋级，失败就会被淘汰（半决赛获胜两队进入决赛，失利的两队争夺第三名）。

 

Extra time

加时赛

 

If a victor has not been declared after two 45-minute halves during the elimination² rounds of the World Cup, the game goes to extra time.

在世界杯淘汰赛中，如果90分钟比赛结束后双方打平，比赛将进入加时赛。

 

After regulation has been completed and the two teams remain tied, there is a five-minute break before extra time begins.

在常规时间结束后，两队保持平局，则在休息5分钟后进行加时赛。

 

Extra time in the World Cup consists of two 15-minute sessions, with a one-minute break in between. The full 30 minutes of extra time is played in its entirety.

世界杯加时赛上下半场各15分钟，中间有1分钟休息时间。世界杯加时赛须踢满30分钟。

 

Penalty shootout

点球大战

 

If the score remains³ tied after both of the 15-minute extra time sessions, the two teams then go to penalty kicks.

如果在两个15分钟的加时赛之后比分仍然持平，两队将进行点球决胜。

 

 

The best-of-five shootout features one-on-one situations between the kicker and the opposing goalkeeper. Teams must use different kickers for each attempt, alternating attempts with the opposing team. Kicks are taken from the penalty mark, which is 12 yards from the goal.

五轮点球大战的特点是踢点球球员和对方门将之间开展一对一较量。球队必须每次安排不同球员踢点球，双方球队交替进行。射门位置位于距离球门12码的罚球点。

 

Once the shootout lead is insurmountable, the game is over. If still tied through five rounds of penalty kicks, the shootout goes to sudden death. The first team to have an advantage after a completed round is declared the winner of the game.

一旦一方进球处于绝对领先，对方无法反超，则比赛宣布结束。如果五轮点球结束，双方仍未分出胜负，则采用“突然死亡法”加罚：即双方继续罚点球，直至某一轮结束后，一方取得优势（一方罚进而另一方未罚进），便赢得本场比赛胜利。

 

在常规比赛中，罚点球时，允许本方队员补射。而在点球大战中，主罚队员只有一次射门机会，被横梁立柱挡出或被门将扑出等都算做罚丢。

 

Injury Time

伤停补时

 

Sometimes called Stoppage Time, occasionally referred to as Added Time, Injury Time in association football is the time that the referee⁴ adds to the end of each half of a game.

也可以翻译为“Stoppage Time，Added Time”。在足球比赛中，指裁判在比赛的每半场结束时增加的比赛时间。

 

通常足球比赛都有伤停补时，而时间都不一定，计算方式是由主裁判决定的。

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