Central Banks中央银行

A central bank is a country's main monetary¹ authority and is responsible for the issuing and administration of currency; licensing² and overseeing the operations of commercial banks and financial institutions; regulating financial markets (interest and exchange rates); maintaining foreign exchange and gold reserves; maintaining the payment and settlement system; and lending in the case of emergencies. The main aim of a central bank is to assess and analyze³ the changes in the economy and make adjustments to the base interest rates to guide it to sustainable long-term growth. The Central Bank in China is The People's Bank of China (PBOC). Other examples of central banks include the Federal Reserve Bank in the United States, the Bank of England, the European Central Bank and the Reserve Bank of Australia.

　　中央银行是国家主要的金融机构，负责发行和管理货币；准许并监督商业银行与金融机构的运作；调节金融市场（利息和汇率）；维持外汇和黄金储备；维护支付与结算系统；以及紧急贷款。中央银行主要目的就是评估和分析经济变动，以及调节基本利率来引导经济保持长期增长。中国的中央银行就是中国人民银行(PBOC)。其他中央银行有美国联邦储备银行、英格兰银行、欧洲中央银行和澳大利亚储备银行