托业考试综合辅导(4c)

dismay v. to destroy the courage or resolution of by exciting dread¹ or apprehension²; to cause to lose enthusiasm; disillusion³

dismiss v. to send away; to fire; to release; to free

disparate adj. markedly different; contrasting

dispassion n. freedom from passion, bias⁵, or emotion; objectivity

dispassionate adj. devoid⁶ of or unaffected by passion, emotion, or bias

dispatch n. sending off; shipment; message; communication; promptness

dispatch v. to send off quickly; to dismiss; to conclude with speed and efficiency; to eliminate

dispel⁸ v. to rid one's mind of; to drive away or off by or as if by scattering¹⁰

dispense¹¹ n. expenditure¹²; pardon

dispense v. to do without; to give up; to distribute; to give out; to hand out

disperse¹³ v. to drive off or scatter⁹ in different directions; to cause to vanish or disappear; to disseminate¹⁴

displace v. to move or shift from the usual place or position, especially to force to leave a homeland; to take the place of; supplant¹⁵; to discharge from an office or position

display n. presentation; show; screen; monitor (Computers); exposure; exhibition; attractive arrangement of products

display v. to put out for others to see; to show; to exhibit; to reveal; to show in an ostentatious manner

disposal n. getting rid of; arranging

dispose v. to control; to arrange; to put in order

disposition¹⁶ n. tendency; character; nature; trait; arrangement; placement

dispute n. quarrel; disagreement; argument

dispute v. to argue; to debate; to appeal; to contest; to oppose; to fight against

disrupt v. to upset; to disturb; to divide

dissent¹⁷ n. difference of opinion or feeling; disagreement; the refusal to conform to the authority or doctrine¹⁸ of an established church

dissent v. to differ in opinion or feeling; disagree; to withhold¹⁹ assent²⁰ or approval

dissidence n. disagreement, as of opinion or belief; dissent

dissipate v. to scatter; to spread out; to be scattered²¹

dissolve v. To cause to pass into solution; To cause to disappear or vanish; dispel; To bring to an end by or as if by breaking up; terminate

distinctive²² adj. special; unique; different

distinguish v. to mark as different; to see as different; to discern; to recognize

distort v. to twist out of a proper or natural relation of parts; misshape; to give a false or misleading account of; misrepresent; to cause to work in a twisted or disorderly manner; pervert²⁴

distract v. to disturb; to confuse; to worry; to divert; to amuse; to draw one's attention away; opposite of to attract

distress²⁵ n. anxiety or mental suffering; severe strain resulting from exhaustion²⁶ or an accident; the condition of being in need of immediate²⁷ assistance

distress v. to cause strain, anxiety, or suffering to; to mar⁴ or otherwise treat (an object or fabric²⁸, for example) to give the appearance of an antique or of heavy prior use

distribute v. to divide and dispense in portions; to supply (goods) to retailers²⁹; to spread or diffuse³⁰ over an area; scatter; to separate into categories; classify

distributor n. person, company or organization that markets a commodity, product or service; wholesaler³¹; person who allots³² or dispenses³³

disturb v. to bother; to interrupt; to confuse; to worry; to cause concern; to cause disorder²³

diverse adj. different; varied³⁴

diversification³⁵ n. process of becoming varied

diversify³⁶ v. to make different; to invest one's assets in various securities

diversity n. variety; difference; unlikeness

divert v. to distract; to entertain; to turn in a different direction; to deflect³⁷

dividend³⁸ n. a share of profits received by a stockholder or by a policyholder in a mutual³⁹ insurance society; a payment pro⁷ rata to a creditor⁴⁰ of a person adjudged bankrupt

division n. act of separating into parts; partitioning; basic mathematical operation in which one number is divided by another; department; faculty⁴¹; ranking; level according to difficulty; group of soldiers that form a distinct tactical unit within a squadron

document n. certificate; paper which provides information or evidence; deed; written file; data file containing the product of a user's work (Computers)

document v. to record for evidence; to write down; to provide with documentary evidence; to substantiate⁴²

documentation n. collection of written records; use of written records as evidence

domain⁴³ n. a territory over which rule or control is exercised; a sphere of activity, concern, or function; a field

domestic adj. pertaining⁴⁴ to home; pertaining to family; tame (about an animal)

domestic n. housemaid; servant; housekeeper⁴⁵

dominant⁴⁶ adj. exercising the most influence or control; most prominent, as in position; ascendant

dominate v. to control; to rule; to command

donate v. to give; to contribute; to grant; to bestow⁴⁷

donation n. gift; contribution

dosage n. administration of a therapeutic⁴⁸ agent in prescribed amounts; addition of an ingredient to a substance in a specific amount, especially to wine

dotted adj. spotted⁴⁹; speckled; composed of a series of small dashes (about a line)

downcast adj. directed downward; low in spirits; depressed⁵⁰

download v. to copy files from a distant computer onto another computer through an Internet connection

downsize v. to reduce the size of; to make smaller; to manufacture smaller amounts; to cut the number of employees

downsizing n. act of reducing the size of; bringing something down to a smaller scale; lowering expenses; taking various measures to cut costs in order to stabilize⁵¹ the financial situation of a corporation (i.e. manufacturing in smaller amounts, etc.)

downstream adj. in the direction of a stream's current; closer to the point of sale than to the point of production or manufacture (Business)

downturn n. negative tendency (especially in economy or business)

downward adj. descending⁵²

downward adv. towards a lower place, position or section

draft n. rough outline; sketch⁵³; check; written order for payment; conscription; calling up for army service; current of air

draft v. to make an outline; to draw up in written form; to conscript; to recruit for military service; to force or persuade to do some task; to draw out and separate

drastic adj. extreme; intense; severe

drastically adv. (b) intensely; in an extreme manner; severely⁵⁴

draw v. to attract; to pull; to pull out; to sketch; to depict⁵⁵ with lines; to describe with words; to move towards; to suck in; to conclude; to drain; to stretch out; to pick randomly⁵⁶; to be given randomly; to shrink by contraction⁵⁷; to disembowel

drawback n. a disadvantage or inconvenience; a refund⁵⁸ or remittance⁵⁹, such as a discount on duties or taxes for goods destined⁶⁰ for reexport

dress code n. formally or socially imposed standards of dress, especially in a company; the way employees of a company are dressed at work

drill n. tool for drilling holes; practice; training; furrow⁶¹; seeding machine; row of seeds in a furrow

drill v. to bore a hole; to practice; to train; to sow seeds in rows

drop n. small globule of liquid; drip; very small amount; pendant; piece of candy; lozenge; act of dropping supplies from a plane; sudden descent; fall

duplicate adj. double; identical; matching

duplicate n. copy; photocopy⁶²; exact replica⁶³; reproduction

duplicate v. to copy; to replicate⁶⁴; to photocopy

durable⁶⁵ adj. sturdy; long lasting⁶⁶

duration n. period of time that something continues

duress⁶⁷ n. intimidation⁶⁸; constraint⁶⁹; pressure; coercion⁷⁰

dweller⁷¹ n. a person who inhabits a particular place

dynamic adj. forceful; energetic; vigorous; spirited; alive