托业考试综合辅导(20)

时间：2007-05-15 07:10:57

（单词翻译:单击）

vacancy1 n. emptiness; available space; room; available position; job opening

vacant adj. empty; unfilled; unoccupied; not in us e; lacking expression; not claimed (e.g. an inheritance)

vacate v. to cease to occupy or hold; give up; to empty of occupants or incumbents2

vacation n. holiday; fixed3 time in which public establishments (government offices, schools, etc.) and regular businesses cease their regular activities; period of time away from work devoted4 to rest and relaxation5; act of vacating

vacation v. to go on holiday

vaccinate6 v. to render unsusceptible to a disease by inoculating7

vaccination8 n. act or instance of rendering9 unsusceptible to disease by inoculating

vaccine10 n. a preparation of a weakened or killed pathogen; a preparation from the cowpox virus that protects against smallpox11

vacillate v. to sway to and fro; to fluctuate; to hesitate; to waver

valid12 adj. legitimate13; legally acceptable; not expired; based; logical; well-founded

validate14 v. to confirm; to sanction; to legalize

valuable adj. of great worth; costly15; cherished; dear; important

valuable n. something of great worth

van n. large closed vehicle used for transporting goods or people; railroad car (British)

variation n. degree of diversity; change; modified version (as of a musical piece); deviation16

variety n. assortment17; kind; sort

various adj. assorted18; different; individual; several

vary v. to change something; to alter; to change; to fluctuate; to give variety to

vast adj. large; enormous; huge

vegetarian19 n. one who does not eat meat; herbivore

vehement20 adj. characterized by forcefulness of expression or intensity21 of emotion or conviction; fervid22; marked by or full of vigor23 or energy; strong

vehicle n. means of transport (car, bus, etc.); instrument; means; medium

veil n. length of cloth worn by women as a face covering; netting attached to a woman's hat; something which hides or conceals24 (such as a curtain); nun25's headdress; vow's of a nun; membrane26 which covers an immature27 mushroom

veil v. to cover; to hide

vending28 machine n. automated29 device used for selling items

vendor30 n. salesman; supplier; equipment salesman (for example in the field of computers, etc.); automatic machine for selling goods

venture n. risky31 undertaking32; enterprise whose results are not certain; business undertaking which promises to bring great profit but involves a good deal of risk; amount invested or wagered33

venture v. to take a risk in order to achieve a goal; to dare to express something (even in the face of possible opposition); to chance investing money in a risky but possibly lucrative34 business venture

veracity35 n. truthfulness36; something that is a truth

verdict n. the finding of a jury in a trial; an expressed conclusion; a judgment37 or opinion

verify v. to confirm the truth of something; to ascertain38 the truth of something (as by investigation); to witness or swear to the truth of something (Law)

versatile39 adj. fulfilling many functions; multi-purpose; skilled to do many things; changeable

version n. particular form of something; variant40; rendering; translation

vessel41 n. large craft made for navigation on water; boat; ship; container; receptacle (especially for holding liquids); tubular duct through which bodily fluids flow (e.g. blood vessel)

viable42 adj. capable of living; having a reasonable chance of succeeding; practical; having the ability to survive outside the uterus (of a fetus)

vicinity n. the state of being near in space or relationship; proximity43; a nearby, surrounding, or adjoining region; a neighborhood; an approximate degree or amount

victim n. person who falls prey44 (to an attack, deception45, etc.)

viewpoint n. attitude; stance; opinion

vigor n. physical or mental strength, energy, or force; strong feeling; enthusiasm or intensity

vilify46 v. to slander47; to defame

violation48 n. transgression49; desecration50; attack or disruption; rape51

virtual adj. being such in power or effect though not formally recognized; imaginary; hypothetical; computer simulated

virtual n. computerized representation of an actual object (Computers)

visibility n. quality of being clearly seen; distance to which one can see clearly (Meteorology); state or quality of providing an unobstructed view

visible adj. can be clearly seen; in view; observable; obvious; apparent

vital adj. lively; living; animated52; vigorous; crucial; critical; necessary

vivid adj. lively; lifelike; bright; dazzling; clear; distinct; graphic53

void adj. containing no matter; empty; not occupied; unfilled; completely lacking; devoid54; having no legal force or validity; null

void n. an empty space; an open space or a break in continuity; a gap; a feeling or state of emptiness, loneliness, or loss

volunteer n. one who offers his services of his own free will or without pay

volunteer v. to offer to do or give something for free; to propose; to put forward (without being invited to do so); to offer that someone else will do or give something freely

voucher55 n. certificate that bears monetary56 value; coupon57; receipt; authorizer; endorser58

voyage n. trip; journey; travel; cruise; story of a journey

voyage v. to take a cruise; to travel; to make a journey

vulnerable adj. susceptible to physical or emotional injury; susceptible to attack; liable to succumb, as to persuasion or temptation


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1 vacancy EHpy7     
n.（旅馆的）空位，空房，（职务的）空缺
参考例句：
  • Her going on maternity leave will create a temporary vacancy.她休产假时将会有一个临时空缺。
  • The vacancy of her expression made me doubt if she was listening.她茫然的神情让我怀疑她是否在听。
2 incumbents 5672a9e1733f38c0bc40038b0d0b437b     
教区牧师( incumbent的名词复数 )； 教会中的任职者
参考例句：
  • In general, incumbents have a 94 percent chance of being reelected. 通常现任官员有94%的几率会再次当选。
  • This arangement yields a wonderful gain to incumbents. 这种安排为在职人员提供了意外的得益。
3 fixed JsKzzj     
adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的
参考例句：
  • Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
  • Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。
4 devoted xu9zka     
adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的
参考例句：
  • He devoted his life to the educational cause of the motherland.他为祖国的教育事业贡献了一生。
  • We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
5 relaxation MVmxj     
n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐
参考例句：
  • The minister has consistently opposed any relaxation in the law.部长一向反对法律上的任何放宽。
  • She listens to classical music for relaxation.她听古典音乐放松。
6 vaccinate Iikww     
vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘
参考例句：
  • Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
  • Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。
7 inoculating 9e3023b2654258e7ea140f88a7ddd22b     
v.给…做预防注射( inoculate的现在分词 )
参考例句：
  • He attempted to investigate bidirectional streaming by inoculating two dishes with R. oryzae. 他试图研究双向流动的问题，他把未根霉接种于两个培养皿。 来自辞典例句
  • Doctors examined the recruits but nurses did the inocuLating. 医生们给新兵检查了身体，护士们给他们打了预防针。 来自互联网
8 vaccination bKGzM     
n.接种疫苗，种痘
参考例句：
  • Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
  • Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。
9 rendering oV5xD     
n.表现，描写
参考例句：
  • She gave a splendid rendering of Beethoven's piano sonata.她精彩地演奏了贝多芬的钢琴奏鸣曲。
  • His narrative is a super rendering of dialect speech and idiom.他的叙述是方言和土语最成功的运用。
10 vaccine Ki1wv     
n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的
参考例句：
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
11 smallpox 9iNzJw     
n.天花
参考例句：
  • In 1742 he suffered a fatal attack of smallpox.1742年，他染上了致命的天花。
  • Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child?你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？
12 valid eiCwm     
adj.有确实根据的；有效的；正当的，合法的
参考例句：
  • His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
  • Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗？
13 legitimate L9ZzJ     
adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法
参考例句：
  • Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
  • That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。
14 validate Jiewm     
vt.（法律）使有效，使生效
参考例句：
  • You need an official signature to validate the order.你要有正式的签字，这张汇票才能生效。
  • In order to validate the agreement,both parties sign it.为使协议有效，双方在上面签了字。
15 costly 7zXxh     
adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的
参考例句：
  • It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
  • This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。
16 deviation Ll0zv     
n.背离，偏离；偏差，偏向；离题
参考例句：
  • Deviation from this rule are very rare.很少有违反这条规则的。
  • Any deviation from the party's faith is seen as betrayal.任何对党的信仰的偏离被视作背叛。
17 assortment FVDzT     
n.分类，各色俱备之物，聚集
参考例句：
  • This shop has a good assortment of goods to choose from.该店各色货物俱全，任君选择。
  • She was wearing an odd assortment of clothes.她穿着奇装异服。
18 assorted TyGzop     
adj.各种各样的，各色俱备的
参考例句：
  • There's a bag of assorted sweets on the table.桌子上有一袋什锦糖果。
  • He has always assorted with men of his age.他总是与和他年令相仿的人交往。
19 vegetarian 7KGzY     
n.素食者；adj.素食的
参考例句：
  • She got used gradually to the vegetarian diet.她逐渐习惯吃素食。
  • I didn't realize you were a vegetarian.我不知道你是个素食者。
20 vehement EL4zy     
adj.感情强烈的；热烈的；(人)有强烈感情的
参考例句：
  • She made a vehement attack on the government's policies.她强烈谴责政府的政策。
  • His proposal met with vehement opposition.他的倡导遭到了激烈的反对。
21 intensity 45Ixd     
n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度
参考例句：
  • I didn't realize the intensity of people's feelings on this issue.我没有意识到这一问题能引起群情激奋。
  • The strike is growing in intensity.罢工日益加剧。
22 fervid clvyf     
adj.热情的；炽热的
参考例句：
  • He is a fervid orator.他是个慷慨激昂的演说者。
  • He was a ready scholar as you are,but more fervid and impatient.他是一个聪明的学者，跟你一样，不过更加热情而缺乏耐心。
23 vigor yLHz0     
n.活力，精力，元气
参考例句：
  • The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
  • She didn't want to be reminded of her beauty or her former vigor.现在，她不愿人们提起她昔日的美丽和以前的精力充沛。
24 conceals fa59c6f4c4bde9a732332b174939af02     
v.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住( conceal的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • He conceals his worries behind a mask of nonchalance. 他装作若无其事，借以掩饰内心的不安。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Drunkenness reveals what soberness conceals. 酒醉吐真言。 来自《简明英汉词典》
25 nun THhxK     
n.修女，尼姑
参考例句：
  • I can't believe that the famous singer has become a nun.我无法相信那个著名的歌星已做了修女。
  • She shaved her head and became a nun.她削发为尼。
26 membrane H7ez8     
n.薄膜，膜皮，羊皮纸
参考例句：
  • A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
  • A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。
27 immature Saaxj     
adj.未成熟的，发育未全的，未充分发展的
参考例句：
  • Tony seemed very shallow and immature.托尼看起来好像很肤浅，不夠成熟。
  • The birds were in immature plumage.这些鸟儿羽翅未全。
28 vending 9e89cb67a07fe419b19a6bd5ee5210cc     
v.出售（尤指土地等财产）( vend的现在分词 )；（尤指在公共场所）贩卖；发表（意见，言论）；声明
参考例句：
  • Why Are You Banging on the Vending Machine? 你为什么敲打这台自动售货机？ 来自朗文快捷英语教程 2
  • Coca-Cola had to adapt almost 300,000 vending machines to accept the new coins. 可口可乐公司必须使将近三十万台自动贩卖机接受新货币。 来自超越目标英语 第5册
29 automated fybzf9     
a.自动化的
参考例句：
  • The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
  • Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS)，作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。
30 vendor 3izwB     
n.卖主；小贩
参考例句：
  • She looked at the vendor who cheated her the other day with distaste.她厌恶地望着那个前几天曾经欺骗过她的小贩。
  • He must inform the vendor immediately.他必须立即通知卖方。
31 risky IXVxe     
adj.有风险的，冒险的
参考例句：
  • It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
  • He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。
32 undertaking Mfkz7S     
n.保证，许诺，事业
参考例句：
  • He gave her an undertaking that he would pay the money back with in a year.他向她做了一年内还钱的保证。
  • He is too timid to venture upon an undertaking.他太胆小，不敢从事任何事业。
33 wagered b6112894868d522e6463e9ec15bdee79     
v.在（某物）上赌钱，打赌( wager的过去式和过去分词 )；保证，担保
参考例句：
  • She always wagered on an outsider. 她总是把赌注押在不大可能获胜的马上。
  • They wagered on the flesh, but knowing they were to lose. 他们把赌注下在肉体上，心里却明白必输无疑。 来自互联网
34 lucrative dADxp     
adj.赚钱的，可获利的
参考例句：
  • He decided to turn his hobby into a lucrative sideline.他决定把自己的爱好变成赚钱的副业。
  • It was not a lucrative profession.那是一个没有多少油水的职业。
35 veracity AHwyC     
n.诚实
参考例句：
  • I can testify to this man's veracity and good character.我可以作证，此人诚实可靠品德良好。
  • There is no reason to doubt the veracity of the evidence.没有理由怀疑证据的真实性。
36 truthfulness 27c8b19ec00cf09690f381451b0fa00c     
n. 符合实际
参考例句：
  • Among her many virtues are loyalty, courage, and truthfulness. 她有许多的美德，如忠诚、勇敢和诚实。
  • I fired a hundred questions concerning the truthfulness of his statement. 我对他发言的真实性提出一连串质问。
37 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
38 ascertain WNVyN     
vt.发现，确定，查明，弄清
参考例句：
  • It's difficult to ascertain the coal deposits.煤储量很难探明。
  • We must ascertain the responsibility in light of different situtations.我们必须根据不同情况判定责任。
39 versatile 4Lbzl     
adj.通用的，万用的；多才多艺的，多方面的
参考例句：
  • A versatile person is often good at a number of different things.多才多艺的人通常擅长许多种不同的事情。
  • He had been one of the game's most versatile athletes.他是这项运动中技术最全面的运动员之一。
40 variant GfuzRt     
adj.不同的，变异的；n.变体，异体
参考例句：
  • We give professional suggestions according to variant tanning stages for each customer.我们针对每位顾客不同的日晒阶段，提供强度适合的晒黑建议。
  • In a variant of this approach,the tests are data- driven.这个方法的一个变种，是数据驱动的测试。
41 vessel 4L1zi     
n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管
参考例句：
  • The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
  • You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。
42 viable mi2wZ     
adj.可行的，切实可行的，能活下去的
参考例句：
  • The scheme is economically viable.这个计划从经济效益来看是可行的。
  • The economy of the country is not viable.这个国家经济是难以维持的。
43 proximity 5RsxM     
n.接近，邻近
参考例句：
  • Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
  • Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。
44 prey g1czH     
n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨
参考例句：
  • Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
  • The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。
45 deception vnWzO     
n.欺骗，欺诈；骗局，诡计
参考例句：
  • He admitted conspiring to obtain property by deception.他承认曾与人合谋骗取财产。
  • He was jailed for two years for fraud and deception.他因为诈骗和欺诈入狱服刑两年。
46 vilify 9LxzA     
v.诽谤，中伤
参考例句：
  • But I also do not want people to vilify.但希望我也别给人诬蔑。
  • Two chose not to vilify Skilling,however.然而，也有两个人并不愿诋毁思斯奇林。
47 slander 7ESzF     
n./v.诽谤，污蔑
参考例句：
  • The article is a slander on ordinary working people.那篇文章是对普通劳动大众的诋毁。
  • He threatened to go public with the slander.他威胁要把丑闻宣扬出去。
48 violation lLBzJ     
n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯
参考例句：
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
49 transgression transgression     
n.违背；犯规；罪过
参考例句：
  • The price can make an action look more like a transaction than a transgression.罚款让一个行为看起来更像是一笔交易而不是一次违法行为。
  • The areas of transgression are indicated by wide spacing of the thickness contours.那幢摩天大楼高耸入云。
50 desecration desecration     
n. 亵渎神圣, 污辱
参考例句：
  • Desecration, and so forth, and lectured you on dignity and sanctity. 比如亵渎神圣等。想用尊严和神圣不可侵犯之类的话来打动你们。
  • Desecration: will no longer break stealth. 亵渎：不再消除潜行。
51 rape PAQzh     
n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸
参考例句：
  • The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
  • He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。
52 animated Cz7zMa     
adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的
参考例句：
  • His observations gave rise to an animated and lively discussion.他的言论引起了一场气氛热烈而活跃的讨论。
  • We had an animated discussion over current events last evening.昨天晚上我们热烈地讨论时事。
53 graphic Aedz7     
adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的
参考例句：
  • The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
  • Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。
54 devoid dZzzx     
adj.全无的，缺乏的
参考例句：
  • He is completely devoid of humour.他十分缺乏幽默。
  • The house is totally devoid of furniture.这所房子里什么家具都没有。
55 voucher ELTzZ     
n.收据；传票；凭单，凭证
参考例句：
  • The government should run a voucher system.政府应该施行凭证制度。
  • Whenever cash is paid out,a voucher or receipt should be obtained.无论何时只要支付现金，就必须要有一张凭据或者收据。
56 monetary pEkxb     
adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的
参考例句：
  • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
57 coupon nogz3     
n.息票，配给票，附单
参考例句：
  • The coupon can be used once only.此优惠券只限使用一次。
  • I have a coupon for ten pence off a packet of soap.我有一张优惠券买一盒肥皂可以便宜十便士。
58 endorser endorser     
n.背书人，代言人
参考例句：
  • Where the holder is an endorser,he has no right of recourse against the subsequent parties.持票人为背书人的，对其后手无追索权。
  • The outcomes revealed that there is positive relationship between endorser's credibility and brand equity's dimensions.结论显示代言人的背景和品牌公平的面向有正面的关

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