成功的基石：背诵GRE单词的黄金“8字”原则(2)

时间：2007-05-25 05:44:02

（单词翻译:单击）

6. 意群法：
　　1) 动静：

　　commotion/disturbance/perturbation/turbulence/action/agitation/din
/ferment/fracas/havoc/pandemonium turmoil/upheaval--equanimity/

hush/quiet/quiescence/serenity/silence/tranquil/ tranquility/pacific
　　2) 合分：
　　diverge/detach/disperse/dissipate/isolate/separate/break/scatter/breach/rend
/sunder--accumulate/aggregate/agglomerate/amalgamate/collect/coalesece
/concatenate/ compound/gather /group/nucleate/unify/unite/solder/nexus
　　3) 多少：
　　profuse/abundant/affluent/copious/plenty/prodigal¹/rife/plethora/
slewscant/scanty/limited/penurious/sparse/dearth/iota/paucity/pinch
　　4) 批评、指责、谴责、辱骂、斥责对称赞、歌颂：(轻)
　　admonish/chide/criticize/reproach/reproof/reprove/flak;(重) berate/castigate/censure/chastise/condemn /denounce/diatribe/excoriate/
fulminate/impeach/impugn/invective/inveigh/lambaste /rail/rebuke/reprehend
/reprimand/reprobate/revile/scold/upbraid/vituperate/pan--acclaim
/applaud/commend/eulogize/exalt/extol/glorify/laud/rave/tout/accolade/en
comium/approbation/orchid/plaudit/tribute; (诽谤)
slander²/calumniate/libel/defame
　　5) 顺从、顽固：
　　amenble/amiable/complaisant/compliant/docile/obedient/responsive/
submissive/tolerant/ tractable/alacrity-incorrigible/bigoted/contumacious
/headstrong/hidebound/indocile/intractable/intransigent/obdurate/obstinate
/rebellious/recalcitrant
/refractory/stubborn/tenacious
　　6) 肯定、否定：
　　affirm/assert/attest/aver/avow/posit/proclaim--deny/disclaim
/gainsay /negate/repudiate(包含证据)
corroborate/prove/substantiate/verify--disprove/ refute/controvert
　　7) 忧郁对快乐：
　　morose/saturnine/downcast/crestfallen/dispririted/gloomy/melancholy/
doleful/ /lugubrious--heerful/ecstatic/exhilarating/facetious/jocund
/jaunty/sanguine
　　8) 促进、抑制：
　　abet/aid/assist/catalyze/encourage/facilitate/foment/foster/goad/ignite
/impel /incite/incubate/instigate/permit/precipitate/prod/provoke/promote/
rouse/spur/ stimulate/trigger/ vitalize--arrest/ban/check/curb/extinguish
/forbid/forestall /frustrate/hamper/hinder/impede/inhibit/obstruct/quell/rein
/repress/restrain/ scotch/squelch/stymie/subdue/stifle/thwart
　　9) 清晰、模糊：
　　clear/limpid/lucid/pellucid/translucent/transparent/clarity--murky/
opaque/obscure/turbid/vague/obfuscate
　　10) 扩大、缩小：
　　aggrandize/amplify/broaden/dilate/distend/expand/inflate/swell--
constrict/contract/ condense/compress/deflate/shrink
　　11) 健康、不健康：
　　healthful/hygienic/innocuous/salubrious/salutary/wholesome--
debilitating/deleterious/detrimental/injurious/nocuous/noxious/
mischievous/ lethal/pernicious/virulent
　　12) 持续、短暂：
　　chronic/constant/enduring/gradual/lasting/incessant/perennial/permanent/
perpetual/persistent--evanescent/ephemeral/fleeting/fugacious/
fugitive/interim /intermittent/meteoric/sporadic/transient/transitory
　　13) 得体、无礼：
　　amiable/civil/congenial/decent/decorous/deferent/irreproachable/
seemly-- /insolentbawdy/blatant/brazen/effrontery/impertinent/impudent
/indecorous/opprobrious/rude/scurrilous/scurvy/unseemly/asperity/impropriety
　　14) 序言、结尾：
　　beginning/commencement/foreword/greeting/introduction/outset/overture
/preface /prelude/preamble/prologue--conclude/coda/cessation/epilogue
/finale/termination/valediction
　　15) 大小：bull/colossal/elephantine/enormous/gargantuan/gigantic/huge/immense/mammoth/
prodigious/tremendous/titanic--diminutive/microscopic/minuscule/minute
/piddling/paltry/slight/trivial/tiny
　　16) 相关、无关：
　　apposite/appropriate/apropos/apt/cognate/felicitous/germane/intrinsic/
pertinent/related/relevant--alien/extraneous/extrinsic/foreign
/impertinent/irrelevant
　　17) 脱水、补水：
　　desiccate/dehydrate/deplete/drain/dry/evaporate/parch/sear--drench/
douse/hydrate/ inundate/reconstitute/saturate/souse/steep
　　18) 真假：apocryphal/bogus/deceptive/dissembling/fraudulent/feigned/fictitious/mendacious
/prevaricated/pseudo/spurious--authenticated/candid/genuine/truthful
/unfeigned /valid
　　19) 平息抚慰、刺激激怒：
　　allay/alleviate/appease/assuage³/conciliate/lull/mitigate/moderate/mollify/
pacify⁴/placate⁵/propitiate/reconcile/relieve/soothe--agitate/annoy
/antagonize/bother/disturb/grate/harass/harrow/irk/nag/pester/perturb/pique/
rankle
　　20) 尊敬、嘲笑/亵渎：deference/veneration/revere/respect/awe-- irreverence/contempt/ derision/deride/profane
　　7. “四大”总结：
　　1) 四大挥霍 prodigal profligate⁶ wastrel⁷ spendthrift
　　2) 四大无力 torpid⁸ lethargic⁹ dull listless
　　3) 四大好斗 belligerent¹⁰ bellicose¹¹ aggressive scrappy
　　4) 四大污蔑 vilify¹² slander malign¹³ stigmatize¹⁴
　　5) 四大颂歌 panegyric¹⁵ ode encomium¹⁶ eulogy¹⁷
　　6) 四大安慰 mollify assuage placate pacify
　　7) 四大预言 portend¹⁸ prophesy¹⁹ presage²⁰ prefigure
　　8) 四大世俗 worldly earthly temporal secular²¹
　　9) 四大先驱 precursor²² harbinger herald²³ forerunner²⁴
　　10) 四大粗人 lout²⁵ yokel²⁶ boor²⁷ churl²⁸
　　11) 四大隐士 anchorite recluse²⁹ hermit³⁰ solitary³¹
　　12) 四大新人 novice³² rookie neophyte³³ tyro³⁴
　　13) 四大陈词 banality³⁶ bromide clichéplatitude
　　14) 四大傻瓜 fatuous³⁷ asinine³⁸ oafish³⁹ lunatic
　　15) 四大陈腐 banal³⁵ commonplace trite⁴⁰ hackneyed
　　8. 日常生活：
　　1) 奔腾pent→微软Microsoft→联想legend→方正founder;
　　2) Carnation康乃馨/violet紫罗兰/yogurt/yoghurt/yoghourt 酸奶
　　3) 电影：Titanic/Tornado/Poseidon/The Da Vinci Code/Basic Instinct/Crash
　　总结：
　　从以上8种方法可以看出，实际上随处都是GRE单词，我个人认为所谓“GRE单词只可能是你一辈子在GRE考试中才会碰到”的理论随着世界的快速发展以及各国对外语水平要求的提高，几乎已经不太适用，当然，GRE中的确有很多单词还是不需要完全会运用的，但还有一条真理“人无我有，人有我优”我相信会更加适合当今日益激烈的社会竞争。　
　　美国是全世界教育水平最发达的国家之一，也是研究者最理想的研究环境之一，所以如果大家真的想在学术上有所建树，那么美利坚合众国将是我们最佳的选择之一，而GRE正是我们通向成功的钥匙，其中GRE词汇可谓重中之重.

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1 prodigal
adj.浪费的，挥霍的，放荡的
参考例句：
He has been prodigal of the money left by his parents.他已挥霍掉他父母留下的钱。 The country has been prodigal of its forests.这个国家的森林正受过度的采伐。

2 slander
n./v.诽谤，污蔑
参考例句：
The article is a slander on ordinary working people.那篇文章是对普通劳动大众的诋毁。 He threatened to go public with the slander.他威胁要把丑闻宣扬出去。

3 assuage
v.缓和，减轻，镇定
参考例句：
The medicine is used to assuage pain.这种药用来止痛。 Your messages of cheer should assuage her suffering.你带来的这些振奋人心的消息一定能减轻她的痛苦。

4 pacify
vt.使(某人)平静(或息怒)；抚慰
参考例句：
He tried to pacify the protesters with promises of reform.他试图以改革的承诺安抚抗议者。 He tried to pacify his creditors by repaying part of the money.他为安抚债权人偿还了部分借款。

5 placate
v.抚慰，平息(愤怒)
参考例句：
He never attempts to placate his enemy.他从不企图与敌人和解。 Even a written apology failed to placate the indignant hostess.甚至一纸书面道歉都没能安抚这个怒气冲冲的女主人。

6 profligate
adj.行为不检的；n.放荡的人，浪子，肆意挥霍者
参考例句：
This young man had all the inclination to be a profligate of the first water.这个青年完全有可能成为十足的浪子。 Similarly Americans have been profligate in the handling of mineral resources.同样的，美国在处理矿产资源方面亦多浪费。

7 wastrel
n.浪费者；废物
参考例句：
Her father wouldn't let her marry a wastrel.她的父亲不会让她嫁给一个败家子。 He is a notorious wastrel in our company.他在我们单位是个有名的饭囊，啥活儿都干不好。

8 torpid
adj.麻痹的，麻木的，迟钝的
参考例句：
He just walked and his mind drifted slowly like a torpid stream.他只是埋头走，脑袋里思想都凝滞了，有如一汪流不动的溪水。 Even when he was awake he was completely torpid.他醒着的时候也完全麻木不动。

9 lethargic
adj.昏睡的，懒洋洋的
参考例句：
He felt too miserable and lethargic to get dressed.他心情低落无精打采，完全没有心思穿衣整装。 The hot weather made me feel lethargic.炎热的天气使我昏昏欲睡。

10 belligerent
adj.好战的，挑起战争的；n.交战国，交战者
参考例句：
He had a belligerent aspect.他有种好斗的神色。 Our government has forbidden exporting the petroleum to the belligerent countries.我们政府已经禁止向交战国输出石油。

11 bellicose
adj.好战的；好争吵的
参考例句：
He expressed alarm about the government's increasingly bellicose statements.他对政府越来越具挑衅性的声明表示担忧。 Some irresponsible politicians made a bellicose remarks.一些不负责任的政客说出一些好战的话语。

12 vilify
v.诽谤，中伤
参考例句：
But I also do not want people to vilify.但希望我也别给人诬蔑。 Two chose not to vilify Skilling,however.然而，也有两个人并不愿诋毁思斯奇林。

13 malign
adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑
参考例句：
It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。 She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

14 stigmatize
v.污蔑，玷污
参考例句：
Children in single-parent families must not be stigmatized.单亲家庭的孩子们不应该受到歧视。 They are often stigmatized by the rest of society as lazy and dirty.他们经常被社会中的其他人污蔑为懒惰、肮脏。

15 panegyric
n.颂词，颂扬
参考例句：
He made a speech of panegyric.他作了一个颂扬性的演讲。 That is why that stock option enjoys panegyric when it appeared.正因为如此，股票期权从一产生就备受推崇。

16 encomium
n.赞颂；颂词
参考例句：
He pronounced a splendid encomium upon her in the forum.他在广场上为她作了华丽的赞颂。 We hear only encomiums to it.我们只听到对它的溢美之词。

17 eulogy
n.颂词；颂扬
参考例句：
He needs no eulogy from me or from any other man. 他不需要我或者任何一个人来称颂。 Mr.Garth gave a long eulogy about their achievements in the research.加思先生对他们的研究成果大大地颂扬了一番。

18 portend
v.预兆，预示；给…以警告
参考例句：
Black clouds portend a storm.乌云为暴风雨的前兆。 What do these strange events portend?这些奇怪的事件预示着什么？

19 prophesy
v.预言；预示
参考例句：
He dares to prophesy what will happen in the future.他敢预言未来将发生什么事。 I prophesy that he'll be back in the old job.我预言他将重操旧业。

20 presage
n.预感，不祥感；v.预示
参考例句：
The change could presage serious problems.这变化可能预示着有严重问题将要发生。 The lowering clouds presage a storm.暗云低沉是暴风雨的前兆。

21 secular
n.牧师，凡人；adj.世俗的，现世的，不朽的
参考例句：
We live in an increasingly secular society.我们生活在一个日益非宗教的社会。 Britain is a plural society in which the secular predominates.英国是个世俗主导的多元社会。

22 precursor
n.先驱者；前辈；前任；预兆；先兆
参考例句：
Error is often the precursor of what is correct.错误常常是正确的先导。 He said that the deal should not be seen as a precursor to a merger.他说该笔交易不应该被看作是合并的前兆。

23 herald
vt.预示...的来临，预告，宣布，欢迎
参考例句：
In England, the cuckoo is the herald of spring.在英国杜鹃鸟是报春的使者。 Dawn is the herald of day.曙光是白昼的先驱。

24 forerunner
n.前身，先驱（者），预兆，祖先
参考例句：
She is a forerunner of the modern women's movement.她是现代妇女运动的先驱。 Penicillin was the forerunner of modern antibiotics.青霉素是现代抗生素的先导。

25 lout
n.粗鄙的人；举止粗鲁的人
参考例句：
He's just an ill-bred lout.他是个缺乏教养的乡巴佬。 He had no training, no skills and he was just a big, bungling,useless lout!什么也不行，什么也不会，自己只是个傻大黑粗的废物！

26 yokel
n.乡下人；农夫
参考例句：
The clothes make him look like a yokel.这件衣服让他看起来像个乡巴佬。 George is not an ordinary yokel.乔治不是一个普通的粗人。

27 boor
n.举止粗野的人；乡下佬
参考例句：
I'm a bit of a boor,so I hope you won't mind if I speak bluntly.我是一个粗人，说话直来直去，你可别见怪。 If he fears the intellectual,he despises the boor.他对知识分子有戒心，但是更瞧不起乡下人。

28 churl
n.吝啬之人；粗鄙之人
参考例句：
The vile person shall be no more called liberal,nor the churl said to be bountiful.愚顽人不再称为高明、吝啬人不再称为大方。 He must have had some ups and downs in life to make him such a churl.他一生一定经历过一些坎坷，才使他变成这么一个粗暴的人。

29 recluse
n.隐居者
参考例句：
The old recluse secluded himself from the outside world.这位老隐士与外面的世界隔绝了。 His widow became a virtual recluse for the remainder of her life.他的寡妻孤寂地度过了余生。

30 hermit
n.隐士，修道者；隐居
参考例句：
He became a hermit after he was dismissed from office.他被解职后成了隐士。 Chinese ancient landscape poetry was in natural connections with hermit culture.中国古代山水诗与隐士文化有着天然联系。

31 solitary
adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士
参考例句：
I am rather fond of a solitary stroll in the country.我颇喜欢在乡间独自徜徉。 The castle rises in solitary splendour on the fringe of the desert.这座城堡巍然耸立在沙漠的边际，显得十分壮美。

32 novice
adj.新手的，生手的
参考例句：
As a novice writer,this is something I'm interested in.作为初涉写作的人，我对此很感兴趣。 She realized that she was a novice.她知道自己初出茅庐。

33 neophyte
n.新信徒；开始者
参考例句：
The neophyte began to stammer out a reply,but fell silent.新门徒嗫嚅了两句，然后沉默了。 He is a neophyte at politics.他是个初涉政界的人。

34 tyro
n.初学者；生手
参考例句：
She is a tyro in the art of writing poetry.她是一名诗歌创作艺术的初学者。 I am a veritable tyro at the game.我玩这个是新手。

35 banal
adj.陈腐的，平庸的
参考例句：
Making banal remarks was one of his bad habits.他的坏习惯之一就是喜欢说些陈词滥调。 The allegations ranged from the banal to the bizarre.从平淡无奇到离奇百怪的各种说法都有。

36 banality
n.陈腐；平庸；陈词滥调
参考例句：
Neil's ability to utter banalities never ceased to amaze me.每次我都很惊讶，尼尔怎么能讲出这么索然无味的东西。 He couldn't believe the banality of the question.他无法相信那问题竟如此陈腐。

37 fatuous
adj.愚昧的；昏庸的
参考例句：
He seems to get pride in fatuous remarks.说起这番蠢话来他似乎还挺得意。 After his boring speech for over an hour,fatuous speaker waited for applause from the audience.经过超过一小时的烦闷的演讲，那个愚昧的演讲者还等着观众的掌声。

38 asinine
adj.愚蠢的
参考例句：
It is an asinine discussion.那是个愚蠢透顶的讨论。 I must have been insane to listen to your asinine gibberish!我真是昏了头居然听信了你的胡说八道！

39 oafish
adj.呆子的，白痴的?
参考例句：
The bodyguards,as usual,were brave but oafish.这些保镖照旧勇气可嘉但鲁钝无礼。 But we will never see that glory if we till the soil like oafish farm hands.但是要是我们象白痴农奴那样去耕地，我们永远也看不到这样的荣耀！

40 trite
adj.陈腐的
参考例句：
The movie is teeming with obvious and trite ideas.这部电影充斥着平铺直叙的陈腐观点。 Yesterday,in the restaurant,Lorraine had seemed trite,blurred,worn away.昨天在饭店里，洛兰显得庸俗、堕落、衰老了。

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