上海外国语大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试英语语言文学专业英汉互

　　(满分150分，考试时间180分钟，共2 页)

　　I. Translate the following into English (75分)

　　我们搭小火轮去广州。晚上十点钟离开香港。

　　开船的时候，朋友A在舱外唤我。我走出舱去，便听见A说：“香港的夜是很美丽的，你不可不看。”

　　我站在舱外，身子靠着栏杆，望着那渐渐退去的香港。

　　海是黑的，天也是黑的。天上有些星子，但大半都不明亮。只有对面的香港成了万颗星点的聚合。

　　山上有灯，街市上有灯，建筑物上有灯。每一盏灯就像一颗星，在我的肉眼里它比星子更明亮，更光辉。它们密密麻麻的排列着，像是一座星的山，放射着万丈光芒的星的山。

　　夜是静寂的，柔和的。从对面我听不见一点声音。香港似乎闭了它的大口。但是当我注意到那一座光芒万丈的星的山的时候，我又仿佛听见那许多灯光的私语了。因为船的移动，灯光也似乎移动起来。而且电车汽车上的灯也在飞跑。我看见它们时明时暗，就像人在眨眼，或者像他们在追逐，在说话。我的视觉和听觉混合起来。我仿佛造用眼睛听了。那一座星的山并不是沉默的，在那里正奏着伟大的交响乐。

　　我差不多到了忘我的境界……

　　船似乎在转弯。星的山愈过愈变得窄小了。但我的眼里还留着一片金光，还响着那美丽的交响乐。

　　II. Translate the following into Chinese (75分)

　　The fact is that, as a writer, Faulkner is no more interested in solving problems than he is tempted¹ to indulge in sociological comments on the sudden changes in the economic position of the southern states. The defeat and the consequences of defeat are merely the soil out of which his epics³ grow. He is not fascinated by men as a community but by man in the community, the individual as a final unity⁴ in himself, curiously⁵ unmoved by external conditions. The tragedies of these individuals have nothing in common with Greek tragedy: they are led to their inexorable end by passions caused by inheritance, traditions, and environment, passions which are expressed either in a sudden outburst or in a slow liberation from perhaps generations-old restrictions⁶. With almost every new work Faulkner penetrates⁸ deeper into the human psyche⁹, into man's greatness and powers of self-sacrifice, lust¹⁰ for power, cupidity¹¹, spiritual poverty, narrow-mindedness, burlesque¹² obstinacy¹³, anguish¹⁴, terror, and degenerate¹⁵ aberrations¹⁶. As a probing psychologist he is the unrivalled master among all living British and American novelists. Neither do any of his colleagues possess his fantastic imaginative powers and his ability to create characters. His subhuman and superhuman figures, tragic¹⁷ or comic in a macabre¹⁸ way, emerge from his mind with a reality that few existing people - even those nearest to us - can give us, and they move in a milieu¹⁹ whose odours of subtropical plants, ladies’perfumes, Negro sweat, and the smell of horses and mules²⁰ penetrate⁷ immediately even into a Scandinavian’s warm and cosy²¹ den². As a painter of landscapes he has the hunter's intimate knowledge of his own hunting-ground, the topographer’s accuracy, and the impressionist’s sensitivity. Moreover—side by side with Joyce and perhaps even more so—Faulkner is the great experimentalist among twentieth-century novelists. Scarcely two of his novels are similar technically²². It seems as if by this continuous renewal²³ he wanted to achieve the increased breadth which his limited world, both in geography and in subject matter, cannot give him.

香港之夜

　　Hong Kong At Night

　　巴金

　　By Ba Jin

　　我们搭小火轮去广州。晚上十点钟船离开了香港。

　　We boarded a steam launch to Guangzhou and left Hongkong at ten o’clock.

　　开船的时候，朋友洪在舱外唤我。我走出船去，便听见洪说：“香港的夜很美，你不可不看。”

　　As the boat started to move, my friend Hong called me outside the cabin. The moment I stepped out I heard him yelling："Look! Hongkong's night view is marvelous, you can’t miss it".

　　我站在舱外，身子靠着栏杆，望着渐渐退去的香港。

　　Outside on the deck I leaned against the railing, watching Hongkong receding²⁴ from us.

　　海是黑的，天也是黑的。天上有些星星，但大半都不明亮。只有对面的香港成了万颗星点的聚合。

　　The sea was dark, so was the sky. There scattered²⁵ some stars in the heavens but most of them not quite bright while Hongkong in the distance made a constellation²⁶ of stars.

　　山上有灯，街上有灯，建筑物上有灯。每一盏就像一颗星，在我的肉眼里它比星星更亮。它们密密麻麻地排列着，像是一座星的山，放射着万丈光芒的星的山。

　　Over the mountains, on the streets and buildings were lights, each resembling a star, yet in my naked eyes they outshone stars. Myriads²⁷ of lights dotted here and there constituted a mountain of stars, shining with a spectacle of brilliance²⁸.

　　夜是静寂的，柔和的。从对面我听不见一点声音。香港似乎闭上了它的大口。但是当我注意到那座光芒万丈的星的山的时候，我仿佛又听见了那无数的灯光的私语。船在移动，灯光也跟着在移动起来。而且电车汽车上的灯也在飞跑。我看见它们时明时暗，就像人在眨眼，或者像它们在追逐，在说话。我的视觉和听觉混合起来。我仿佛在用眼睛听了。那一座星的山并不是沉默的，在那里正奏着出色的交响乐。

　　Tranquility and peace reigned²⁹ the night. Not a sound could be heard from cross the water as though Hongkong closed its big mouth. However, when I gazed at that starry³⁰ mountain I felt as if those countless³¹ lights were whispering with each other. The ship was moving and so were the lights, together with the lamplights on the running trolley³² buses and cars on the opposite streets. I saw them turning dim and bright now and then just like children winkling or frolicking or chatting with each other. My visual and auditory senses blending, I was almost listening with my eyes. The star-studded mountain was no dumb; instead, they were busy with performing a magnificent symphony...

　　我差不多到了忘我的境界……

　　I was almost lost in reverie.

　　船似乎在转弯。星的山愈来愈窄小了。但是我的眼里还留着一片金光，还响着动人的乐曲。

　　Presumably the ship was swinging around. The star-lit mountain retreated smaller and smaller, yet in my eyes there were shining with an expanse of golden rays and lingering on a touching³³ melody.

　　后来船驶进群山的中间(我不知道是山还是岛屿)，香港完全给遮住了。海上没有灯，浓密的黑暗包围着我们的船。星的山成了一个渺茫的梦。 我还呆呆地站在那里，我想找回那座星的山，但是我什么也看不见。外面的空气很凉爽，风吹得我的头有点受不住了，我便回到舱里去。舱里人声嘈杂，是一个完全不同的世界。我把脚踏进舱里的时候，我不禁疑惑地问自己：我先前看见的难道只是一个幻景？

　　Slowly the ship sailed into the heart of mountains (I could not distinguish whether they were mountains or islands), for Hongkong was gone unseen. Lightless on the sea, our ship was enveloped³⁴ by the pitch darkness. The mountain of stars disappeared like a vague dream. Standing³⁵ lost there, I wished to find the mountain back yet there was noting in sight. Outside the air was cool, but the blowing wind was too much for my head, so I walked back to the crowded and noisy cabin, a completely different world. As I set my foot in to the cabin, I couldn’t help asking myself: was it only a mirage³⁶ that I saw just now?

　　英译汉

　　事实是，作为一名作家，福克纳更热衷于对南方各州突发的经济变化进行社会评论，而很少有兴趣去解决问题。失败以及由此带来的后果只不过是福克纳史诗般作品成长的沃土而已。吸引他的并不是以社会为单位的人们，而是成长于社会中的个体(人)。作为一个社会的个体，虽充满好奇，却绝不为外界事物所扰。这些个人的悲剧与希腊悲剧没有共同之处：激情——或是传承而来，或是受传统以及社会环境的影响——把他们带到了无情的深渊。这些激情或是突然迸发，或是持续几代慢慢释放。几乎在福克纳的每一部新作品当中，他都能够深入剖析人类的灵魂，了解人类自我牺牲的伟大之处和力量之源，全面揭示人类的权力欲、贪婪、匮乏的精神、狭隘的思想、可笑的固执、痛苦、恐惧和堕落的道德。

　　福克纳是一名善于观察的心理学家，在众多仍然在世的英美小说家当中，他堪称是无人匹敌的大师。他的同行当中无人具有他那非凡的想象力以及塑造人物的能力。在以死亡为主题的悲剧或喜剧中，福克纳塑造的近似人类而又超乎人类的人物都来源于他对现实的观察，而这些现实即使是我们身边最贴近的人都很少有人能够提供如此真实的信息。这些人物在一个混杂了亚热带植物的清香、女人香水的芳香、黑人汗水的体香和骡马臭味的环境中活动，这股气味甚至可以立即弥漫到斯堪的纳维亚的一间温暖舒适的小房子里。作为一名风景画画家，福克纳具有猎人般熟知猎场的能力，地形学家的精确的判断力和印象派画家的敏感力。此外，福克纳还是二十世纪伟大的实验主义者和小说家，与乔伊斯并列，但或许要强于乔伊斯。在他的小说当中，没有任何两部小说在写作手法上是相似的。似乎正是通过这种不断的更新，福克纳才可以获得他想要的创作广度，而这种广度是他所处的缺乏创见的世界(无论是主观的还是客观的世界)所不能给予他的。