每日一读之词汇篇4

时间：2007-09-11 09:00:05

（单词翻译:单击）

hortative1 : encourage :: exculpatory2 : absolve3   

absolve <>inculpate4

abstain       vi. 自制,戒绝,弃权,避免 

to refrain deliberately5 and often with an effort of self-denial from an action or practice   

mandatory6 : comply :: forbidden : abstain     
abstemious7    adj. 有节制的，节俭的    

marked by restraint especially in the consumption of food or alcohol  

abstemious : indulge :: austere8 : decorate   { intransigence:control}   

reticent9 : talk :: abstemious : gorge 

abstract      a. 抽象的，不具体的；n. 摘要，提要 

having only intrinsic form with little or no attempt at pictorial10 representation or narrative11 content    

abstract <> elaborate

abstruse12      adj.深奥的 

diffiult to comprehend : RECONDITE       

abstruse <> accessible / patent 

abuse         n./v. 辱骂，滥用?   

to attack in words : REVILE 

diatribe13 : abuse :: burlesque14 : mockery     

polemic15 : disputatious :: invective16 : abusive    

accede        v.同意 

to express approval or give consent : give in to a request or demand      

accelerate    vt.vi. 加速   

to move faster : gain speed 

expedite : process :: accelerate : pace   

accelerate <> retard17

accessible    a. 易接近的,可进入的,易受影响的,可理解的  

capable of being understood or appreciated       

abstruse <> accessible / patent 

accessory     n. 附件    

a thing of secondary or subordinate importance : ADJUNCT       

accessory <> of primarily importance 

accidental    a. 意外的,偶然的  

occurring unexpectedly or by chance    

inventiveness : accidental :: effect : casual      
safeguard : accident :: hedge : loss   

intentional:accidental:arrogant:humble

acclimate18     vt.使习惯于新环境 

to adapt to a new temperature, altitude, climate, environment, or situation

acclimate <> make unfamiliar19 with

accolade20      n. 推崇备至，赞扬 an expression of praise     

accolade <> cutting remark/speak ill / derogate/denounce

deplore21 <> accolade/extol

accomodate    v. 容纳,留宿,使...适应
to provide with something desired, needed, or suited (as a helpful service, a loan, or lodgings) 

obliterate:remove::accomodate:supply {convey:conduct}

accomplice    n. 共犯,同谋  

one associated with another especially in wrongdoing   


accost        vt.向人搭话   

to approach and speak to often in a challenging or aggressive way

accost:approach ::?? 

accountability  n. 有责任,有义务 

an obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one’s actions

accrete22       v. 共生，附着，增加  

ACCUMULATE

accrete : growth :: erode23 : destruction   

accumulate    vt.vi. 积聚,堆积  

to gather or pile up especially little by little : AMASS      

accumulation <> dissipation

accuse        v. 责备，控告，谴责  

to charge with a fault or offense24 : BLAME     

acme          n．顶点，极点 
the highest point or stage


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1 hortative 1ctx1     
adj.激励的
参考例句：
  • We set the hortative methods for teachers to praise teachers' performances.以制度化奖励措施重视教师表现，激励教师。
  • Once in a while only a hortative smile can encourage youeself to carry on.偶尔，只需要一个鼓励的微笑，就可以说服自己继续坚强下去。
2 exculpatory xmyxw     
adj.辩解的，辩明无罪的
参考例句：
3 absolve LIeyN     
v.赦免，解除（责任等）
参考例句：
  • I absolve you,on the ground of invincible ignorance.鉴于你不可救药的无知，我原谅你。
  • They agree to absolve you from your obligation.他们同意免除你的责任。
4 inculpate V4Ry4     
v.使负罪；控告；使连累
参考例句：
  • She refused to make a statement to the police in case she inculpated herself.她拒绝向警方作陈述以免受连累。
  • He thought of inculpating his brother to escape punishment himself.他想归罪于他的兄弟以避免自己受罚。
5 deliberately Gulzvq     
adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地
参考例句：
  • The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
  • They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。
6 mandatory BjTyz     
adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者
参考例句：
  • It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
  • There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。
7 abstemious 7fVyg     
adj.有节制的，节俭的
参考例句：
  • He is abstemious in eating and drinking.他在饮食方面是很有节制的。
  • Mr.Hall was naturally an abstemious man indifferent to luxury.霍尔先生天生是个饮食有度，不爱奢侈的人。
8 austere GeIyW     
adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的
参考例句：
  • His way of life is rather austere.他的生活方式相当简朴。
  • The room was furnished in austere style.这间屋子的陈设都很简单朴素。
9 reticent dW9xG     
adj.沉默寡言的；言不如意的
参考例句：
  • He was reticent about his opinion.他有保留意见。
  • He was extremely reticent about his personal life.他对自己的个人生活讳莫如深。
10 pictorial PuWy6     
adj.绘画的；图片的；n．画报
参考例句：
  • The had insisted on a full pictorial coverage of the event.他们坚持要对那一事件做详尽的图片报道。
  • China Pictorial usually sells out soon after it hits the stands.《人民画报》往往一到报摊就销售一空。
11 narrative CFmxS     
n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的
参考例句：
  • He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
  • Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。
12 abstruse SIcyT     
adj.深奥的，难解的
参考例句：
  • Einstein's theory of relativity is very abstruse.爱因斯坦的相对论非常难懂。
  • The professor's lectures were so abstruse that students tended to avoid them.该教授的课程太深奥了，学生们纷纷躲避他的课。
13 diatribe Xlvzq     
n.抨击，抨击性演说
参考例句：
  • He launched a diatribe against the younger generation.他对年轻一代发起了长篇抨击。
  • The book is a diatribe against the academic left.这本书对学术左派进行了长时间的谩骂。
14 burlesque scEyq     
v.嘲弄，戏仿；n.嘲弄，取笑，滑稽模仿
参考例句：
  • Our comic play was a burlesque of a Shakespearean tragedy.我们的喜剧是对莎士比亚一出悲剧的讽刺性模仿。
  • He shouldn't burlesque the elder.他不应模仿那长者。
15 polemic ZBWyr     
n.争论，论战
参考例句：
  • He launched into a fierce polemic against the government's policies.他猛烈地抨击政府的政策。
  • He wrote a splendid polemic in my favour.他写了一篇出色的文章为我辩护。
16 invective y4xxa     
n.痛骂，恶意抨击
参考例句：
  • He retorted the invective on her.他用恶言讽刺还击她。
  • His command of irony and invective was said to be very classic and lethal.据说他嬉笑怒骂的本领是极其杰出的，令人无法招架的。
17 retard 8WWxE     
n.阻止，延迟；vt.妨碍，延迟，使减速
参考例句：
  • Lack of sunlight will retard the growth of most plants.缺乏阳光会妨碍大多数植物的生长。
  • Continuing violence will retard negotiations over the country's future.持续不断的暴力活动会阻碍关系到国家未来的谈判的进行。
18 acclimate MJlyu     
v.使服水土，使习惯于新环境
参考例句：
  • I help them acclimate to living in the U.S.我帮助他们适应在美国的生活。
  • How much time does she need to acclimate?她需要多少时间才能适应？
19 unfamiliar uk6w4     
adj.陌生的，不熟悉的
参考例句：
  • I am unfamiliar with the place and the people here.我在这儿人地生疏。
  • The man seemed unfamiliar to me.这人很面生。
20 accolade EyDzB     
n.推崇备至，赞扬
参考例句：
  • Four restaurants have been awarded the highest accolade of a three-star rating.四家餐馆获授予三星级餐馆的最高荣誉称号。
  • The Nobel prize has become the ultimate accolade in the sciences.诺贝尔奖已成为科学界的最高荣誉。
21 deplore mmdz1     
vt.哀叹，对...深感遗憾
参考例句：
  • I deplore what has happened.我为所发生的事深感愤慨。
  • There are many of us who deplore this lack of responsibility.我们中有许多人谴责这种不负责任的做法。
22 accrete tJ6yi     
v.共生，附着，增加；adj.共生的
参考例句：
  • Whole station room is in of far hill foil below,reflect building and natural accrete.整个站房在远山的衬托下，体现建筑与自然的共生。
  • There exists one kind of natural and accrete relationship between city commercial bank and small business.城市商业银行与小企业有着天然的、共生共荣的联系。
23 erode NmUyX     
v.侵蚀，腐蚀，使...减少、减弱或消失
参考例句：
  • Once exposed,soil is quickly eroded by wind and rain.一旦暴露在外，土壤很快就会被风雨侵蚀。
  • Competition in the financial marketplace has eroded profits.金融市场的竞争降低了利润。
24 offense HIvxd     
n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪
参考例句：
  • I hope you will not take any offense at my words. 对我讲的话请别见怪。
  • His words gave great offense to everybody present.他的发言冲犯了在场的所有人。

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