张金：雅思写作必用词汇

时间：2008-01-14 05:50:41

（单词翻译:单击）

merit/benefit
　　demerit/drawbacks
　　put forward
　　play an important/a significant role in…
　　have a profound influence/effect on
　　have positive/negative effects
　　along/together with the development of science and technology，
　　as the development of science and technology accelerates，
　　a good/large/growing/an increasing number of people
　　explore
　　enlarge/expand one‘s knowledge
　　widen one‘s horizons
　　cultivate/foster
　　one‘s ability/capability/competence
　　personality
　　provide sb. with sth.
　　convenient = of convenience
　　significant = of significance
　　nevertheless，/nonetheless，/ on the other hand
　　for instance，
　　take sth. as an example
　　accelerate globalization
　　Internet provides a convenient platform. for people to communicate directly.
　　working efficiency
　　impair/damage people‘s health
　　do damage to
　　incur¹
　　to sum up/in general/on the whole/
　　in this sense/in conclusion
　　enter an era/age of information/technology
　　serious/pressing/prominent/acute problem
　　confront/face sb./sth.
　　There are also/also exist some pressing problems confronting us/which confront us.=However， we are also confronted/faced with some serious problems， one of which is traffic problem.
　　realize/be aware/conscious of the seriousness of the issue
　　In this essay， I will concentrate on/focus on/dwell on/explore the causes of this problem and find out effective solutions to it.
　　cause/factor of
　　solution/suggestion
　　contribute to
　　The rapid increase of vehicles contributes mainly to the traffic issue.
　　account for占据/解释…的原因
　　environment
　　juvenile³ delinquency
　　pay sufficient/adequate attention to/
　　lay emphasis on/ pay heed⁴ to
　　law/regulation
　　prohibit/forbid/ban/restrain
　　influence/affect effect
　　have negative/positive effects on
　　raise/enhance/promote the awareness⁵ of
　　crack down on/upon（对…严加处置或限制） crimes
　　join hands in doing=join hands to do
　　make joint⁶ efforts to do/
　　do one‘s utmost to do…
　　put emphasis on sth.=give priority to
　　eliminate/eradicate/get rid of illiteracy/poverty
　　solve/handle/tackle/deal with/cope with
　　explore the issue from diverse perspectives
　　effective/ efficient/ constructive⁷ countermeasure
　　city dwellers⁸ = citizens
　　college graduates
　　in the colleges = on college campuses
　　proper = appropriate
　　lack
　　He lacks experience.
　　For lack of experience， he was fired.
　　as = since = now that = in that
　　so = as such， = consequently， = as a result，
　　Every metal has its reverse.
　　pros⁹ and cons²
　　advocate
　　believe = assert = argue = contend = insist = demonstrate = illustrate¹⁰ = hold = hold the opinion that… = be of the opinion that…
　　be popular = be pervasive¹¹ = gain the popularity
　　on one hand， …… on the other hand.= for one thing， …… for another，
　　to begin with， = in the first place， = first and foremost
　　what‘s else， = what’s more， = in addition， = at the second thought，
　　last but not least，
　　frankly¹² speaking， = generally speaking， = directly speaking，directly or indirectly¹³， = ，one way or another，
　　I will， directly or indirectly， explore the issue.
　　hold water
　　direction = compass
　　a hard issue to solve = a hard nut to crack

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1 incur
vt.招致，蒙受，遭遇
参考例句：
Any costs that you incur will be reimbursed in full.你的所有花费都将全额付还。 An enterprise has to incur certain costs and expenses in order to stay in business.一个企业为了维持营业,就不得不承担一定的费用和开支。

2 cons
n.欺骗，骗局( con的名词复数 )v.诈骗，哄骗( con的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
The pros and cons cancel out. 正反两种意见抵消。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》 We should hear all the pros and cons of the matter before we make a decision. 我们在对这事做出决定之前，应该先听取正反两方面的意见。来自《简明英汉词典》

3 juvenile
n.青少年，少年读物；adj.青少年的，幼稚的
参考例句：
For a grown man he acted in a very juvenile manner.身为成年人，他的行为举止显得十分幼稚。 Juvenile crime is increasing at a terrifying rate.青少年犯罪正在以惊人的速度增长。

4 heed
v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心
参考例句：
You must take heed of what he has told.你要注意他所告诉的事。 For the first time he had to pay heed to his appearance.这是他第一次非得注意自己的外表不可了。

5 awareness
n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智
参考例句：
There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。 Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

6 joint
adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合
参考例句：
I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。 We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

7 constructive
adj.建设的，建设性的
参考例句：
We welcome constructive criticism.我们乐意接受有建设性的批评。 He is beginning to deal with his anger in a constructive way.他开始用建设性的方法处理自己的怒气。

8 dwellers
n.居民，居住者( dweller的名词复数 )
参考例句：
City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes. 城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。来自《简明英汉词典》 They have transformed themselves into permanent city dwellers. 他们已成为永久的城市居民。来自《简明英汉词典》

9 pros
abbr.prosecuting 起诉；prosecutor 起诉人；professionals 自由职业者；proscenium （舞台）前部n.赞成的意见( pro的名词复数 )；赞成的理由；抵偿物；交换物
参考例句：
The pros and cons cancel out. 正反两种意见抵消。来自《现代英汉综合大词典》 We should hear all the pros and cons of the matter before we make a decision. 我们在对这事做出决定之前，应该先听取正反两方面的意见。来自《简明英汉词典》

10 illustrate
v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图
参考例句：
The company's bank statements illustrate its success.这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。 This diagram will illustrate what I mean.这个图表可说明我的意思。

11 pervasive
adj.普遍的；遍布的，(到处)弥漫的；渗透性的
参考例句：
It is the most pervasive compound on earth.它是地球上最普遍的化合物。 The adverse health effects of car exhaust are pervasive and difficult to measure.汽车尾气对人类健康所构成的有害影响是普遍的，并且难以估算。

12 frankly
adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说
参考例句：
To speak frankly, I don't like the idea at all.老实说，我一点也不赞成这个主意。 Frankly speaking, I'm not opposed to reform.坦率地说，我不反对改革。

13 indirectly
adv.间接地，不直接了当地
参考例句：
I heard the news indirectly.这消息我是间接听来的。 They were approached indirectly through an intermediary.通过一位中间人，他们进行了间接接触。