英美报刊节选翻译练习(二)

时间：2008-02-21 02:29:39

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From 《Parents Campaign to Take Back Kids' Summers--High-Stakes Testing Has Cost Some August》 the Washington post（华盛顿邮报），Jan 22，2006

MIAMI－The pressures of federally mandated¹ exams have pushed public schools here（注）and in several other states to begin classes weeks earlier than usual to squeeze in more days of instruction before the critical tests, sometimes striking August entirely² from vacation calendars and devoting the month, traditionally left open for childhood leisure, to class time.

Tips：该句属于超长句，翻译的时候应该着力于译句的流畅。

But a widespread backlash, led by disgruntled parents organized into loosely affiliated³ Save Our Summers groups across the country, is underway.

Legislators in Florida, Georgia, Tennessee, Alabama and Pennsylvania are weighing bills this year that would peg⁴ school start dates to Labor⁵ Day. North Carolina,
Texas, Minnesota and Wisconsin passed similar measures in recent years.

The issue is one of the most controversial aspects in the debate over the exams used to comply with the No Child Left Behind law, leading to widening opposition⁶ and adding to the litany of complaints about the side effects of what critics call "high-stakes" testing.

Tips：该句结构略为复杂，翻译前可先分析主干，弄清修饰关系，并注意翻译时语言的组织顺序。

注：here means the situation Miami faced. In Miami, schools tend to sacrifice August vacation because of the ‘high stakes’ testing, so parents are campaigning to take back kid’s summers.

生词表：
federally    ad, 联邦的，联邦政府的，同盟的
mandated    a, 委托统治的
squeeze    v 挤入，塞入，紧握
backlash    n 反斜线；反冲,反撞；强烈反应;强烈反对；后座
例句：
The fall of the fascist⁷ dictatorship was followed by a left-wing backlash.
法西斯专政的垮台引起左翼运动的高涨

controversial a 有争议的，引起争议的
例句：
Many of the new taxes are controversial.
许多新税收都是有争议的。
Not wanting to make my controversial views known yet, I preferred to follow the crowd for a while
我还不想公开我那些会引起争论的观点，宁可暂且随大溜。
A controversial film that set the entertainment world on its ear.
一部有争议的电影使得娱乐界一片哗然
In deference⁸ to our host I decided⁹ not to challenge his controversial remarks
我出於对主人的尊敬, 不对他那易引起争论的话表示异议
She was vilified¹⁰ by the press for her controversial views, 因她持有异议, 新闻界对她横加挞伐

litany    【宗】连祷(文)；反复念颂, 冗长的列
side effect    副作用
stakes    赌注
例句：
A card game in which each player contributes stakes to a pool
纸牌游戏一种牌戏，每位牌手拿出一些赌注放到一起
The Newmarket Stakes is always a popular race.
纽马基特赛马总是吸引很多人.
In former times, prisoners' heads were impaled¹¹ on pointed¹² stakes.
从前的人把监犯的头钉在尖桩上.
A defensive¹³ barrier of pointed, inclined stakes or barbed wire.
防御工事筑有尖利的、倾斜的木桩或铁蒺藜的防御性的障碍物

≡参考答案：≡

据了解那场谈话的消息来源者说，一笔交易可以使他成为迪斯尼最大的个人股东，并使他成为决策者之一。把Pixar交给一个实力雄厚的东家可以给这个动画工作室带来稳固的销售网络和抵消潜在错误的财力。娱乐产业的竞争逐渐加剧，许多独立的工作室都借与大公司合并之机寻求安全。

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1 mandated
adj. 委托统治的
参考例句：
Mandated desegregation of public schools. 命令解除公立学校中的种族隔离 Britain was mandated to govern the former colony of German East Africa. 英国受权代管德国在东非的前殖民地。

2 entirely
ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地
参考例句：
The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。 His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

3 affiliated
adj. 附属的, 有关连的
参考例句：
The hospital is affiliated with the local university. 这家医院附属于当地大学。 All affiliated members can vote. 所有隶属成员都有投票权。

4 peg
n.木栓，木钉；vt.用木钉钉，用短桩固定
参考例句：
Hang your overcoat on the peg in the hall.把你的大衣挂在门厅的挂衣钩上。 He hit the peg mightily on the top with a mallet.他用木槌猛敲木栓顶。

5 labor
n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦
参考例句：
We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。 He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

6 opposition
n.反对，敌对
参考例句：
The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。 The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

7 fascist
adj.法西斯主义的；法西斯党的；n.法西斯主义者，法西斯分子
参考例句：
The strikers were roughed up by the fascist cops.罢工工人遭到法西斯警察的殴打。 They succeeded in overthrowing the fascist dictatorship.他们成功推翻了法西斯独裁统治。

8 deference
n.尊重，顺从；敬意
参考例句：
Do you treat your parents and teachers with deference?你对父母师长尊敬吗？ The major defect of their work was deference to authority.他们的主要缺陷是趋从权威。

9 decided
adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的
参考例句：
This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。 There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

10 vilified
v.中伤，诽谤( vilify的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
He was vilified in newspapers. 他在报纸上受到了诽谤。来自《简明英汉词典》 She was vilified by the press for her controversial views. 因她持有异议，新闻界对她横加挞伐。来自互联网

11 impaled
钉在尖桩上( impale的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
She impaled a lump of meat on her fork. 她用叉子戳起一块肉。 He fell out of the window and was impaled on the iron railings. 他从窗口跌下去，身体被铁栏杆刺穿了。

12 pointed
adj.尖的，直截了当的
参考例句：
He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。 She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

13 defensive
adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的
参考例句：
Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。 The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。