英美报刊节选翻译练习(十三)

时间：2008-02-21 03:02:54

（单词翻译:单击）

From < Computing1 the future> 摘自《经济学人》 Mar2 23rd 2006

WHAT makes a scientific revolution? （1）Thomas Kuhn famously described it as a “paradigm shift”—the change that takes place when one idea is overtaken by another, usually through the replacement3 over time of the generation of scientists who adhered to an old idea with another that cleaves4 to a new one.These revolutions can be triggered by technological5 breakthroughs, such as the construction of the first telescope (which overthrew6 the Aristotelian idea that heavenly bodies are perfect and unchanging) and by conceptual breakthroughs such as the invention of calculus7 (which allowed the laws of motion to be formulated). （2）This week, a group of computer scientists claimed that developments in their subject will trigger a scientific revolution of similar proportions in the next 15 years.

new words

overtake     v. 赶上,突然来袭,压倒
1. The murderer was overtaken in his crime.
杀人犯当场被捕。
2. A car overtook me although I was going fast.
我虽然开得很快，还是被一辆车超过了。
3. It's dangerous to overtake on a bend.
在转弯处超车十分危险.
4. The driver behind me tried to overtake on the inside.
我後面的驾驶员想从内车道超过我。
over time    随着时间的过去
1. As a result, nacre thickness is sometimes just a cosmetic8 layer that can wear thin over time.
所以真珠质的厚度就像脸上化妆品，不久就会磨薄了。
cleave     v. 劈开,分开
1. They cleaved9 a path through the wilderness10.
他们在荒原中开辟出一条路。
2. He cleaved an apple with a knife.
他用一把刀子将苹果切开。
3. This wood cleaves easily.
这种木材容易裂.
4. The ship's bows cleaved (through) the waves.
轮船破浪前进.
trigger     n. 触发器,板机,制滑机 v. 触发器

 

≡参考答案：≡

 

托马斯库恩的著名观点把科学革命描述成“范式转换”，即一种观点被另一种观点取代时发生的变化，这种变化通常发生在坚持旧观点的一代科学家随着时间的流逝被另一代开辟新观点的科学家所取代的时候。
本周，一群电脑科学家声称他们的课题进展在未来的15年内将要以相似的速度激发一场科学革命。

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1 computing tvBzxs     
n.计算
参考例句：
  • to work in computing 从事信息处理
  • Back in the dark ages of computing, in about 1980, they started a software company. 早在计算机尚未普及的时代（约1980年），他们就创办了软件公司。
2 mar f7Kzq     
vt.破坏，毁坏，弄糟
参考例句：
  • It was not the custom for elderly people to mar the picnics with their presence.大人们照例不参加这样的野餐以免扫兴。
  • Such a marriage might mar your career.这样的婚姻说不定会毁了你的一生。
3 replacement UVxxM     
n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品
参考例句：
  • We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
  • They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。
4 cleaves c27c1bcb90d778c20962b4f1d5c9c0fc     
v.劈开，剁开，割开( cleave的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • This wood cleaves easily. 这木材好劈。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • The water cleaves the banks away like a knife. 河水象一把刀似的，把两岸削掉。 来自辞典例句
5 technological gqiwY     
adj.技术的；工艺的
参考例句：
  • A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。
  • Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今， 随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。
6 overthrew dd5ffd99a6b4c9da909dc8baf50ba04a     
overthrow的过去式
参考例句：
  • The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。
  • They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。
7 calculus Is9zM     
n.微积分；结石
参考例句：
  • This is a problem where calculus won't help at all.对于这一题，微积分一点也用不上。
  • After studying differential calculus you will be able to solve these mathematical problems.学了微积分之后，你们就能够解这些数学题了。
8 cosmetic qYgz2     
n.化妆品；adj.化妆用的；装门面的；装饰性的
参考例句：
  • These changes are purely cosmetic.这些改变纯粹是装饰门面。
  • Laughter is the best cosmetic,so grin and wear it!微笑是最好的化妆品，所以请尽情微笑吧！
9 cleaved 1e6c79da0ae16aef67ef5f9d2ed570f9     
v.劈开，剁开，割开( cleave的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
  • His spade cleaved the firm sand with a satisfying crunch. 他的锹凿开了坚实的砂土，发出令人舒心的嘎扎声。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Eagles cleaved the sky. 鹰击长空。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
10 wilderness SgrwS     
n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠
参考例句：
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

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