PETS写作——帮助你轻松过关

英文写作的常见误区
　　在总结了以上开头中间结尾段落的写作技巧之后，考生基本能够写出一篇符合考试要求的应试作文，然而，在遣词造句方面，考生还需要注意一些误区。以下常见误区总结，是笔者总结各种英语作文考试，中国学生普遍存在的问题。
误区Ⅰ　使用句型太复杂以致出错
　　作文的写作强调的是内容连贯，句子通顺，语言流畅，并且句子与句子之间能够用恰当的关联词衔接起来，并不要求写出多复杂的句子。但有些考生理解为只有句子长了，所用的从句多了才更纯正，所以使用各种从句分词等，致使文章言不达意，错误百出，效果适得其反。
　　误区Ⅱ　加入太多的想象成分，使内容细节过多，文章冗长。
　　学生在写作中的一大担心就是文章的长度不够，再加上对于“可适当增减细节，不可字对字的翻译”的误解，于是加入了很多离题较远的细节，乱了主题。不可字对字其实只要求学生不可简单照译，并非不可翻译。学生只要在理解写作要求的基础上以翻译为主，在要点之间加上简练恰当与必要的关联词和关联句即可。翻译要点可直译也可意译，但要恰当准确，用已学过的词语与句型，切不可生搬硬造。
　　误区Ⅲ　书写不规范造成大量失分。
　　由于该卷的主观性，作文的卷面分往往不只1、2分。因此写作的规范与书法非常重要，甚至所用墨水的颜色也应列入考虑之列，比如，浅色的墨水或油笔写出的字就显得乱，而深色的如碳素墨水则给人以整齐美观的印象。这里介绍几个应注意的地方。
　　1.好的开头和结尾。
　　好的开头与结尾往往给人以好的印象。一般开头不要写得太罗嗦，要找着恰当的切入点，快速入题，简洁明快。结尾同样不拖泥带水，最好还能适当评论，写出点睛之笔。
　　2.用好关联词。
　　在写作的过程中，以下关联词的应用非常关键。比如，表并列的and，besides，as well as，in addition to，not only…but also，when，表递进的furthermore，what's more，what's worse，表转折的but，while，on the contrary，on the other hand，however，表选择的either…or…，whether…or…，otherwise等。有了这些词的连接，就会使文章变得语句通顺，层次清楚，有声有色，考生不需用很多的复合句也能让评卷人感觉到你的水平不同一般。
　　3.用好标点符号、大小写，安排好段落。
　　如果是汉语作文，学生大多注意标点符号，但写英语时一些考生就不够认真。一篇文章下来一逗到底，没有标点的变化，没有大小写，没有段落划分（一般以两段为宜），让人一看就烦，更不要说得到高分。
　　4.用好情感词语。
　　任何文章都有自己的观点，英语小作文也不例外。考生应注意用一些能反映自己观点的词，否则文章就很干瘪，没有韵味。没有人愿意读没有感情的作文。
　　5.书写清楚，整洁，规范。
　　附：考试作文常用的模版句子
　　1. At present, currently, lately, recently, nowadays, these years, in the past several decades, over the last several years
　　2. at the turn of the century
　　3. Thanks to China's reform and opening-up policy, has witnessed great economic and social progress in the past two decades.
　　4.Withthe(rapid,marked,amazing,eye-catching,remarkable,fantasti[C]development/progress/ growth/advance/improvement of economy/society/industry/living standard, great changes have taken place in...
　　5. At the mercy of the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology, there are rapid changes in all aspects of our everyday life.
　　6. with the arrival/advent of the invention of.../the information age/the 21st century/the economy age
　　7. We are now entering a brand new era. The 21st century is a time of advanced scientific and technological¹ knowledge.
　　8. The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history. We have just crossed the threshold of the 21st century and the curtain of the new millennium² is slowly rising.
　　9. We are blessed with new opportunities and faced with new challenges.
　　10. With the increasingly more rapidly economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.
　　11.as...develops
　　12. along with the development of ..., more and more.....
　　13. In the past few years, there has been a sharp growth boom/decline in....
　　14, with the steady growth in the country's economy as well as the people' living standard,
　　15.as living tempo/pace quickens,
　　16.While the rhythm/pace /tempo of people's living is speeding up, a lot of changes have taken place in....
　　17. with the fantastic spur both in industry and its economy in China, the number of... is on the fire.
　　18. It is commonly believed that the rise in .... is the inevitable³ result of economic development.
　　19. In recent years, China has experienced an alarming increase in....
　　20. Nowadays more and more people begin to realize/be aware of/motive the importance of the problem of education/pollution/unemployment.
　　21. We often find ourselves caught/involved in a dilemma⁵ whether we should reach for the bear's paw or for the shark's fin⁴....
　　22. There is a growing worldwide awareness⁶ of the need for....
　　23. Recently the issue/problem of... has been in the limelight/brought into focus/brought to public attention/concern.
　　24. Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern.
　　25. One of the (universal/pressing/burning/urgent) problems/issues we are faced with (confronting us) is that...
　　26. Recently the problem/issue/conflict has become the focus/concern of the public.
　　27. There is a (public/general/heated/impassione[D] debate/discussion/controversy today/nowadays as to/over/on/concerning the issue/problem of...Those who criticize/oppose/object to...contend/argue that ....They believe that...But people who advocate/favor/are for...,on the other hand, maintain/assert that...
　　28. A public debate has arisen as to the phenomenon of ...
　　29. There is a long-running debate as to whether....
　　30. It is undeniable that ... has become the biggest concern of the present-day world.
　　31. Now it is commonly/generally/widely believed/ held/accepted/recognized that... They claim/argue/hold that....,but I wonder/doubt whether....
　　32. According to a(n) survey/investigation/analysis/statistics/report released/conducted/made by...,there is a growing/increasing/declining number of...who/which....
　　33. Once in a newspaper/magazine, I hit upon (came across) the report that...
　　34. This case has aroused echoes throughout the country, with more and more people following its lead, but ideas about it vary widely.
　　35. The discussion about whether or not... is a very controversial one. There are people on both sides of the argument who have strong feelings.
　　36. Those who criticize/oppose/object to/are against ... contend/argue/hold that...but people who advocate/favor/are for...,on the other hand, maintain/assert/claim that...
　　37. Some argue/hold that...,but others set forth⁷ a totally different argument about the issue of...
　　38. The other side of the coin has voiced strong opposition⁸ saying that....