金融英语阅读：财经报道的特点b

其次，由于发稿时间紧迫，临时插入的从句省略了连接词，显得与主句的关系不够紧凑。有口语化的特点。例如："The time for release of the statistics, normally in the afternoon, was moved up to 8:50 a.m……, ministry¹ officials said, to allow Japanese markets to react first to the numbers, as is the practice in most industrialized countries."(Bloomberg Sep. 18.1995日本官员说，原本在下午公布的经济数据将提前到上午8:50公布，是为了让日本国内市场首先对这些数据作出反应，这也是许多工业化国家采取的惯例。），这句话中的定语从句"normally in the afternoon"="which is normally in the afternoon",同位语"as is the practice in most industrialized countries"=as that it is the practice in most industrialized countries",连接词的省略使得句子更倾向于口语的表达方式。

　　另外，财经报道经常涉及各类经济数据、市场价格及其它有关的统计数字，这些数据之间的比较或参照是财经报道的重要组成部分。因此，比较结构在英文财经报道的句型中占有很大的比例。例如：

　　以less/higher/lower/narrower/smaller等连接的不对等比较：

　　That was smaller than the $5.6 billion surplus economists² had predicted.（比经济人士预测的56亿美元逆差少。）

　　March Cotton closed 0.46 cent lower at 85.30 cent.（三月份棉花期货收市下降0.46美分，报85.30美分。）

　　以highest/record high/lowest等连接的最高级比较：

　　The Bundesbank cut its discount rate 3.5%, the lowest level in seven years.（德意志联邦银行将利率下调到七年来最低的3.5%。）

　　Th 
e number of workers in the United States applying for state unemployment benefits rose to the record high level in more than a month.（美国申请失业救济金的工人人数一个多月来上升到历史最高点。）

　　以against/opposite/compare/contrast等连接的数据对比：

　　Export surplus was 72.54 billion francs, compared with 47.71 billion francs in the same period a year earlier.（与去年同期477.1亿法朗相比，出口顺差为725.4亿法朗。）

　　The December T-bond futures³ ended today at 117-13/32 in Tokyo market against its previous closing of 117-11/32.（东京市场十二月份国债期货合约今天收盘报117-13/32，而昨天收盘报117-11/32。）

　　三、财经报道的特点——篇章结构

　　与普通新闻报道的结构一样，英文财经报道也通常由三部分组成，即标题(Headline)、导语(Lead)和正文(Body)。

　　标题以一种类似电报体(telegraphic)的语言形式，十分简洁地告诉读者所发生的主要事件及有关消息。首先，在句子中起语法限定作用的连接词、冠词、介词、代词等在标题中通常被省略。如："E.U. Summit: Leaders Downplay, But Can't Banish⁴, EMU Strife⁵ " ( 欧联盟高峰会：首脑们有意回避却无法消除欧洲货币联盟争执)，这一标题的完整表达形式应该是： "At the E.U. Summit the Leaders Downplay But They Cannot Banish the EMU Strife" ，其中划线部分的单词是一些起限定作用的虚词。

　　正文则进一步阐述、说明事件发生的来胧去脉，并提供一些必要的背景材料或知识。为达到客观真实的效果，英文财经报道的正文中往往采用大量的引述。因此，一篇报道中源引政府官员、市场人士、分析评论专家的话层出不穷。引述可以是一段完整的话，或者一句话中的一部分，甚至是原话中一、两个词。例如下面这则报道中划线的部分均为直接引述：

　　Clinton-Budget Debate Will Now Begin "in earnest"

　　Washington, Nov. 19 (Reuter) —— President Bill Clinton said on Sunday that a deal between Congress and the White House to get federal workers back on the job was a "good thing"and will let the debate over how to balance the federal budget begin in earnest.

　　"Tomorrow the government will go back to work and now the debate will begin in earnest on how to balance the budget in a way that is consistent with the interests and the values of the American people," Clinton told reporters at the White House shortly after the deal was announced on Capitol Hill.

　　Clinton reminded reporters he had expressed "strong doubts" that the seven-year timetable for balancing the budget could be realized. But he said he and congressional Republicans, who are demanding that timetable, had agreed to work "to see if we can reach common ground."

　　"Tonight represents the first sign of their willingness to move forward without forcing unacceptable cuts in health care, education and the environment on the American people," he said.

　　Asked about winners and losers in the power struggle that partially⁶ shut down the federal government for six days, Clinton said the real winners were the American people and the 800,000 federal workers who were to return to their jobs on Monday.

　　除了以上这种直接引述外，英文财经报道的正文中还有更多的间接引述。这类引述通常以一些常用的表达法引导，如："say"(说), "express"(表示), "tell"(告诉), "according to…"(根据…)等等。所有这些引述都旨在体现报道的客观性和真实性。