历史上的今天:1月31日

Today's Highlight in History:
On January 31st, 1950, President Truman announced he had ordered development of the hydrogen bomb.

On this date:
In 1606, Guy Fawkes, convicted for his part in the "Gunpowder¹ Plot火药阴谋" against the English Parliament and King James the First, was executed.

In 1797, composer Franz Schubert was born in Vienna, Austria.

In 1865, General Robert E. Lee was named General-in-Chief of all the Confederate armies.

In 1917, Germany served notice正式通知 it was beginning a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare潜艇战.

In 1934, President Roosevelt devalued贬值 the dollar in relation to关于，涉及 gold.

In 1944, during World War Two, US forces began invading Kwajalein Atoll and other parts of the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.

In 1949, the first TV daytime soap opera肥皂剧, "These Are My Children," was broadcast from the NBC station in Chicago.

In 1958, the United States entered the Space Age with its first successful launch of a satellite into orbit, "Explorer One."

In 1971, astronauts Alan B. Shepard Junior, Edgar D. Mitchell and Stuart A. Roosa blasted off aboard Apollo 14 on a mission to the moon.

In 1987, discount airline pioneer People Express flew its last flights before merging³ into结合，并入 Continental⁴ Airlines.

Ten years ago: In his first State of the Union address, President Bush proposed a significant cut in US and Soviet⁵ combat troops. McDonald's Corporation opened its first fast-food restaurant in Moscow.

Five years ago: President Clinton scrapped⁶废弃 a $40 billion rescue plan for Mexico, announcing instead that he would act unilaterally反方面地 to provide Mexico with $20 billion from a fund normally used to defend the US dollar. Legendary⁷ Broadway producer-director George Abbott died in Miami Beach, Florida, at age 107.

One year ago: The Denver Broncos repeated as NFL美国橄榄球联盟 champions, defeating the Atlanta Falcons⁸ 34-to-19 in Super Bowl美国橄榄球超级杯大赛 33. Researchers from the University of Alabama at Birmingham presented what they called convincing令人信服的 proof that the AIDS virus originated in chimpanzees黑猩猩 and spread to people in Africa.