历史上的今天:2月16日

时间：2010-02-21 01:53:37

（单词翻译:单击）

Today's Highlight in History:
On February 16th, 1862, during the Civil War, some 14,000 Confederate soldiers surrendered at Fort Donelson, Tennessee. (Union General Ulysses S. Grant's victory earned him the nickname绰号，昵称 "Unconditional¹ Surrender Grant.")

On this date:
In 1804, Lieutenant² Stephen Decatur led a successful raid（突袭，搜捕） into Tripoli Harbor to burn the US Navy frigate³（护卫舰） "Philadelphia," which had fallen into the hands of pirates.

In 1868, the Benevolent⁴ and Protective Order of Elks⁵ was organized in New York City.

In 1918, Lithuania proclaimed（声明，宣告） its independence.

In 1923, the burial chamber⁶ of King Tutankhamen's recently unearthed⁷（发掘出的，未接地的） tomb was unsealed in Egypt.

In 1945, American troops landed on the island of Corregidor in the Philippines during World War Two.

In 1948, NBC TV began airing its first nightly newscast, "The Camel Newsreel Theatre," which consisted of Fox Movietone（福斯电影新闻） newsreels（新闻汇辑） .

In 1959, Fidel Castro became premier⁸ of Cuba after the overthrow⁹（推翻，倾覆） of Fulgencio Batista.

In 1968, the nation's first 911 emergency telephone system was inaugurated（开始，开幕） , in Haleyville, Alabama.

In 1987, John Demjanjuk went on trial in Jerusalem, accused of being "Ivan the Terrible," a guard at the Treblinka Nazi¹⁰ concentration camp. (Demjanjuk was convicted, but the conviction ended up being overturned颠覆 by the Israeli Supreme¹¹ Court.)

In 1994, at least 217 people were killed when a powerful earthquake shook Indonesia's Sumatra island.

Ten years ago: Former President Reagan began two days of giving a videotaped deposition¹²（矿床，沉积物） in Los Angeles for the Iran-Contra trial of former national security adviser¹³ John Poindexter.

Five years ago: Four people were killed when tornadoes¹⁴（龙卷风） tore through rural north Alabama. In a dark and defensive¹⁵ address to his nation, Russian President Boris Yeltsin berated¹⁶（严责，申斥） his military leaders for big losses and human rights abuses in Chechnya, but insisted Russia had to use force to defend its unity¹⁷.

One year ago: Enraged¹⁸ Kurds seized embassies and held hostages across Europe following Turkey's arrest of Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah Ocalan. Testimony¹⁹ began in the Jasper, Texas, trial of John William King, charged with murder in the gruesome（可怕的，阴森的） dragging death of James Byrd Junior. (King was later convicted and sentenced to death.)

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1 unconditional
adj.无条件的，无限制的，绝对的
参考例句：
The victorious army demanded unconditional surrender.胜方要求敌人无条件投降。 My love for all my children is unconditional.我对自己所有孩子的爱都是无条件的。

2 lieutenant
n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员
参考例句：
He was promoted to be a lieutenant in the army.他被提升为陆军中尉。 He prevailed on the lieutenant to send in a short note.他说动那个副官，递上了一张简短的便条进去。

3 frigate
n.护航舰，大型驱逐舰
参考例句：
An enemy frigate bore down on the sloop.一艘敌驱逐舰向这只护航舰逼过来。 I declare we could fight frigate.我敢说我们简直可以和一艘战舰交战。

4 benevolent
adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的
参考例句：
His benevolent nature prevented him from refusing any beggar who accosted him.他乐善好施的本性使他不会拒绝走上前向他行乞的任何一个乞丐。 He was a benevolent old man and he wouldn't hurt a fly.他是一个仁慈的老人，连只苍蝇都不愿伤害。

5 elks
n.麋鹿( elk的名词复数 )
参考例句：
So I arranged for a gathering at the local Elks Club on January 25. 1月25日我安排在当地慈善互助会见面。来自互联网

6 chamber
n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所
参考例句：
For many,the dentist's surgery remains a torture chamber.对许多人来说，牙医的治疗室一直是间受刑室。 The chamber was ablaze with light.会议厅里灯火辉煌。

7 unearthed
出土的（考古）
参考例句：
Many unearthed cultural relics are set forth in the exhibition hall. 展览馆里陈列着许多出土文物。 Some utensils were in a state of decay when they were unearthed. 有些器皿在出土时已经残破。

8 premier
adj.首要的；n.总理，首相
参考例句：
The Irish Premier is paying an official visit to Britain.爱尔兰总理正在对英国进行正式访问。 He requested that the premier grant him an internview.他要求那位总理接见他一次。

9 overthrow
v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆
参考例句：
After the overthrow of the government,the country was in chaos.政府被推翻后，这个国家处于混乱中。 The overthrow of his plans left him much discouraged.他的计划的失败使得他很气馁。

10 Nazi
n.纳粹分子，adj.纳粹党的，纳粹的
参考例句：
They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻，并出面求和。 Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。

11 supreme
adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的
参考例句：
It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。 He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

12 deposition
n.免职，罢官；作证；沉淀；沉淀物
参考例句：
It was this issue which led to the deposition of the king.正是这件事导致了国王被废黜。 This leads to calcium deposition in the blood-vessels.这导致钙在血管中沉积。

13 adviser
n.劝告者，顾问
参考例句：
They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。 Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

14 tornadoes
n.龙卷风，旋风( tornado的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Tornadoes, severe earthquakes, and plagues create wide spread havoc. 龙卷风、大地震和瘟疫成普遍的毁坏。来自互联网 Meteorologists are at odds over the working of tornadoes. 气象学者对龙卷风的运动方式看法不一。来自互联网

15 defensive
adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的
参考例句：
Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。 The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

16 berated
v.严厉责备，痛斥( berate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
Marion berated Joe for the noise he made. 玛丽昂严厉斥责乔吵吵闹闹。来自辞典例句 It berated Mussolini for selling out to Berlin. 它严厉谴责了墨索里尼背叛、投靠柏林的行径。来自辞典例句

17 unity
n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调
参考例句：
When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。 We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

18 enraged
使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )；歜；激愤
参考例句：
I was enraged to find they had disobeyed my orders. 发现他们违抗了我的命令，我极为恼火。 The judge was enraged and stroke the table for several times. 大法官被气得连连拍案。

19 testimony
n.证词；见证，证明
参考例句：
The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。 He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。