科学家完成乳腺癌基因特性的研究

A team of scientists with The Cancer Genome Atlas¹ program reports their genetic² characterization（描述） of 800 breast tumors, including finding some of the genetic causes of the most common forms of breast cancer, providing clues for new therapeutic³ targets, and identifying a molecular⁴ similarity between one sub-type of breast cancer and ovarian（卵巢的） cancer. Their findings, which offer a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms⁵ behind each sub-type of breast cancer, are reported in the Sept. 23, 2012 online edition of the journal Nature.

 

The researchers, including a large group from the University of North Carolina at Chapel⁶ Hill, analyzed⁷ tumors using two basic approaches: first, using an unbiased and genome-wide approach, and second, within the context of four previously⁸ known molecular sub-types of breast cancer: HER2-enriched, Luminal A, Luminal B and Basal-like. Both approaches arrived at the same conclusions, which suggest that even when given the tremendous genetic diversity of breast cancers, four main subtypes were observed. This study is also the first to integrate（整合，联系） information from six analytic⁹ technologies, thus providing new insights into these previously defined disease subtypes.

 

Charles Perou, PhD, corresponding author of the paper, says, "Through the use of multiple different technologies, we were able to collect the most complete picture of breast cancer diversity ever. These studies have important implications for all breast cancer patients and confirm a large number of our previous findings. In particular, we now have a much better picture of the genetic causes of the most common form of breast cancer, namely Estrogen-Receptor positive/Luminal A disease. We also found a stunning¹⁰ similarity between Basal-like breast cancers and ovarian cancers."

 

"This study has now provided a near complete framework for the genetic causes of breast cancer, which will significantly impact clinical medicine in the coming years as these genetic markers are evaluated as possible markers of therapeutic responsiveness."

 

Dr. Perou is the May Goldman Shaw Distinguished¹¹ Professor of Molecular Oncology and a member of UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center.

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