美国将发射第八颗地球资源卫星

An oversized semi-trailer truck carrying NASA's Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) has arrived at its launch site at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California in preparation for launch. This NASA and U.S. Geological Survey mission will continue a 40-year record of measuring change on the planet from space. LDCM is the eighth satellite in the Landsat series, which began in 1972. It will extend and expand global land observations that are critical in many sectors¹, including energy and water management, forest monitoring, human and environmental health, urban planning, disaster recovery and agriculture.

 

Following final tests, the LDCM satellite will be attached to an Atlas² V rocket and launched into space February 11, 2013. Built and tested by Orbital Science Corp., LDCM left their Gilbert, Ariz. facility on Dec. 17.

 

"LDCM builds on and strengthens a key American resource: a decades-long, unbroken Landsat-gathered record of our planet's natural resources, particularly its food, water and forests," said Jim Irons, Landsat project scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md.

 

LDCM carries two instruments, the Operational Land Imager (OLI) built by Ball Aerospace⁴ & Technologies Corp. in Boulder⁵, Colo., and the Thermal⁶ Infrared⁷ Sensor⁸ (TIRS) built by NASA Goddard "Both of these instruments have evolutionary⁹ advances that make them the most advanced Landsat instruments to date and are designed to improve performance and reliability¹⁰ to improve observations of the global land surface," said Ken³ Schwer, LDCM project manager at NASA Goddard.

 

OLI will continue observations in the visible, near infrared, and shortwave infrared portions of the electromagnetic spectrum¹¹ and includes two new spectral¹²（频谱的） bands, one of which is designed to support monitoring of coastal¹³ waters and the other to detect previously¹⁴ hard to see cirrus clouds that can otherwise unknowingly impact the signal from the Earth surface in the other spectral bands. TIRS will collect data in two thermal bands and will thus be able to measure the temperature of the Earth's surface, a measurement that's vital to monitoring water consumption, especially in the arid¹⁵（干旱的） western United States.

 

NASA and the U.S. Department of the Interior through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) jointly¹⁶ manage the Landsat program. After launch and the initial check out phase, USGS will take operational control of the satellite, will collect, archive, and distribute the data from OLI and TIRS, and will rename the satellite as Landsat 8. The LDCM data will be freely and openly available through the USGS data system.

 

NASA's Launch Services Program at Kennedy is responsible for launch management. United Launch Alliance is the provider of the Atlas V launch service.

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