美国近岸战舰将装备新式喷水推进器

The Navy's fifth Littoral¹ Combat Ship (LCS), Milwaukee, will be the first to benefit from new high-power density² waterjets（喷水式推进器） aimed at staving off rudder（船舵） and propeller³ damage experienced on high-speed ships. The product of an Office of Naval⁴ Research (ONR) Future Naval Capabilities⁵ (FNC) program, the waterjets arrived last month at the Marinette Marine⁶ shipyard in Wisconsin, where Milwaukee (LCS 5) is under construction.

 

"We believe these waterjets are the future," said Dr. Ki-Han Kim, program manager in ONR's Ship Systems and Engineering Research Division. "Anything that we can do to keep ships ready to go will ultimately benefit our warfighters."

 

Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Jonathan Greenert's 2013-2017 Navigation Plan calls for fielding improved ships to support counterterrorism and irregular warfare⁷ missions at sea and ashore⁸. The LCS will play a big role in the Navy's plan as a modular, adaptable⁹ vessel¹⁰ for use against diesel¹¹ submarines, littoral（沿海地区） mines and attacks by small surface craft.

 

Developed by Rolls-Royce Naval Marine in Walpole, Mass., in collaboration¹² with ONR and Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, the new Axial-Flow Waterjet Mk-1 can move nearly half a million gallons of seawater per minute, providing more thrust per unit than current commercial waterjets. Four of the new waterjets will propel the LCS to speeds greater than 40 knots.

 

Researchers believe the smaller, more efficient waterjets will help the LCS avoid excessive maintenance costs associated with cavitation（气穴现象） -- a phenomenon that occurs when changes in pressure create air bubbles on rotating machinery¹³, such as marine propellers¹⁴. Repeated occurrences can cause whole chunks¹⁵ of metal to wear away, leading to frequent repairs and replacements¹⁶.

 

The waterjets' new design could increase their lifespan between repairs.

 

The FNC program that oversaw¹⁷ development of this technology proved to be as adaptable as LCS. The waterjets originally were slated¹⁸ to benefit another ship program that was discontinued. Instead of cancelling the waterjets program, officials regrouped and shifted their focus to designing a product that would improve the performance of LCS.

 

ONR's FNC program saves taxpayer¹⁹ money by streamlining processes to deliver cutting-edge products within five years. The waterjets project began in 2007, and the delivery last month to the shipyard marked its successful completion.

 

Next up for the waterjets will be full-scale sea trials on Milwaukee (LCS 5), expected to occur in the next 24 months.

 

Eventually, the waterjets could end up on 10 LCS under contract to be built by Lockheed Martin.

分享到：