五不足恃

时间：2014-09-24 02:01:19

（单词翻译:单击）

Believing that to govern a country well you would have to depend on some people, Wei Wenhou asked Gu Juanzi, "Can I depend on my father, son, brother, and liegemen, who all have virtues¹ and talents?"

Gu Juanzi gave him a negative answer and explained one by one, "Yao was noted² for being a good father. But his son was exiled. Shun³ was noted for being a filial son, but his father Gu Shou could not tell evil from kind, and his younger brother was arrogant⁴. Zhou Gong was a sage⁵, but his elder brother was ordered to be executed by him. Shang Tang and Zhou Wuwang were able liegemen, but they overthrew⁶ their monarchs⁸ Xia Jie and Shang Zhou respectively. Those who depend on others can never achieve his goal and will not pervade⁹ long. If a monarch⁷ wants to govern his country well, he has to depend on himself."

魏文侯认为治理国家必须依靠一些人，便问孤卷子：“是否可以信赖有德有才的父亲、儿子、哥哥、弟弟、臣下？”

孤卷子一一给予否决并解释说：“尧是有名的闲父，可他的儿子丹珠却遭到流放，舜是有名的孝子，但他的父亲瞽膄却分不清善恶，他的弟弟也特别傲慢；周公是贤人，然而他的哥哥管叔却被他处死；商汤和周武王都属于能臣，他们的君主夏桀和商纣却被他们打翻。把希望寄托在别人身上的人绝不可能实现自己的目的，依赖别人的人也长久不了。君主要想治好国家，只能靠自己。”

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1 virtues
美德( virtue的名词复数 )；德行；优点；长处
参考例句：
Doctors often extol the virtues of eating less fat. 医生常常宣扬少吃脂肪的好处。 She delivered a homily on the virtues of family life. 她进行了一场家庭生活美德方面的说教。

2 noted
adj.著名的，知名的
参考例句：
The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。 Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

3 shun
vt.避开，回避，避免
参考例句：
Materialists face truth,whereas idealists shun it.唯物主义者面向真理，唯心主义者则逃避真理。 This extremist organization has shunned conventional politics.这个极端主义组织有意避开了传统政治。

4 arrogant
adj.傲慢的，自大的
参考例句：
You've got to get rid of your arrogant ways.你这骄傲劲儿得好好改改。 People are waking up that he is arrogant.人们开始认识到他很傲慢。

5 sage
n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的
参考例句：
I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。 The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

6 overthrew
overthrow的过去式
参考例句：
The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。 They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。

7 monarch
n.帝王，君主，最高统治者
参考例句：
The monarch's role is purely ceremonial.君主纯粹是个礼仪职位。 I think myself happier now than the greatest monarch upon earth.我觉得这个时候比世界上什么帝王都快乐。

8 monarchs
君主，帝王( monarch的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Monarchs ruled England for centuries. 世袭君主统治英格兰有许多世纪。 Serving six monarchs of his native Great Britain, he has served all men's freedom and dignity. 他在大不列颠本国为六位君王服务，也为全人类的自由和尊严服务。来自演讲部分

9 pervade
v.弥漫，遍及，充满，渗透，漫延
参考例句：
Science and technology have come to pervade every aspect of our lives.科学和技术已经渗透到我们生活的每一个方面。 The smell of sawdust and glue pervaded the factory.工厂里弥漫着锯屑和胶水的气味。