人文知识练习附讲解 8

时间:2021-10-23 13:20:41

(单词翻译:单击)

1. No.10 Downing Street is____.
 
A Office of British Navy
 
B official residence of Prime Minster
 
C seat of English Parliament
 
D official residence of King
 
2. Increasingly troubled by the inroads of northern tribes such as Goths, the West Empire finally collapsed1 in__.
 
A 395 B 27 B.C.
 
C 476 D 1453
 
3. Who wrote "I came, I saw, I conquered"?
 
A Horace B Virgil
 
C Marcus Tullius Cicero D Julius Casar
 
4. When the Hundred Year's War ended in 1453, the only part of France that was still in the hands of English is__.
 
A Calais B Paris
 
C Aquitaine D Anjor
 
5. Big Ben is the nickname of__.
 
A Sir Benjamin Hall B Benjamin Franklin
 
C 315-foot Clock Tower D Sir Charles Barry
 
6. In England, the most famous of the Catholic conspiracies2 was__.
 
A The Cobham's plot B the murder of Thomas Becket
 
C the execution of Mary Queen of Scots D the Gunpowder3 Plot
 
7. The author of On the Origin of Species is__.
 
A George Baron4 B Charles Darwin
 
C John Baldwin D Winston Churchill
 
8. The author of On the Nature of Things is __.
 
A Horace B Virgil
 
C Lucretius D Julius Caesar
 
9. Which of the following is by far the most influential5 in the West?
 
A Christianity B Buddhism6
 
C Islamism D Judaism
 
10. The Old Testament7 consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are the first fie books, called __.
 
A Exodus8 B Commandments
 
C Amos D Pentateuch  
 
答案
 
【答案】
 
1-5 BCDAC
 
6-10 DBCAD
 
1. 选B.
 
No.10 Downing Street(唐宁街10号,是首相官邸,) Downing Street位于伦敦中部,No.11 Downing Street是英国财政大臣的官邸,因此唐宁街常作为英国政府的代名词。
 
2. 选C
 
注意这几个时间:公元476年西罗马帝国灭亡,公元395年罗马帝国分裂为东罗马帝国和西罗马帝国;公元1453年东罗马帝国灭亡,而公元前27年罗马帝国正式建立。
 
3. 选D
 
Julius Caesar(恺撒,100-44 BC,罗马统帅,政治家)于49-44BC成为罗马独裁者,后被共和派贵族刺杀,著有《高卢战记》 (Commentaries)Marcus Tullius Cicero (西塞罗104-43BC)罗马政治家,哲学家和雄辩家。
 
4. 选A
 
1453年英法百年战争结束时,只有法国北部的Calais加莱港还被英军占领。
 
5. 选C
 
Big Ben(大本钟)是指伦敦英国议会大厦钟楼上的大钟,也谕指放置大本钟的钟楼。该钟是由英国政府官员Sir Benjamin Hall于1859年主持建造的。
 
6. 选D
 
The Gunpowder Plot (火药阴谋)是指1605年英国发生的由Guy Fawkes等企图炸毁议会大厦,扎死国王的天主教火药硬煤案。这一阴谋的Guy Fawkes和其他7名同谋在犯罪现场被捉获。后国会决定每年的11月5日为”Guy Fawkes Day”,在这一天人们燃放烟火和烧福克斯的模拟象,晚上英国人会用Bonfire Night “篝火之夜”来庆祝这一天。
 
7. 选B
 
Charles Darwin (达尔文1809-1882)英国博物学家,进化论的创始,进化生物学的奠基人,提出以自然选择为基础的进化论学说和人类起源于类人猿。著有On the Origin of Species《物种起源》
 
8. 选C
 
Lucretius (卢克莱修约94-95BC)古罗马诗人和哲学家。The nature of things<物性论>,他认为物质是永恒的(Matter is eternal.)
 
9. 选A
 
到目前为止,Christianity(基督教)仍然是西方国家最有影响力的。
 
10. 选D
 
Pentateuch《魔西五书》是 The Old Testament《旧约全书》中最古老,最重要的五部。Pentateuch《魔西五书》,包括Genesis《创始记》, Exodus《出埃及记》 Leviticus 《利未记》Numbers《民数记》 Deuteronomy《申命记》

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1 collapsed cwWzSG     
adj.倒塌的
参考例句:
  • Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
  • The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。
2 conspiracies bb10ad9d56708cad7a00bd97a80be7d9     
n.阴谋,密谋( conspiracy的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • He was still alive and hatching his conspiracies. 他还活着,策划着阴谋诡计。 来自辞典例句
  • It appeared that they had engaged in fresh conspiracies from the very moment of their release. 看上去他们刚给释放,立刻开始新一轮的阴谋活动。 来自英汉文学
3 gunpowder oerxm     
n.火药
参考例句:
  • Gunpowder was introduced into Europe during the first half of the 14th century.在14世纪上半叶,火药传入欧洲。
  • This statement has a strong smell of gunpowder.这是一篇充满火药味的声明。
4 baron XdSyp     
n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王
参考例句:
  • Henry Ford was an automobile baron.亨利·福特是一位汽车业巨头。
  • The baron lived in a strong castle.男爵住在一座坚固的城堡中。
5 influential l7oxK     
adj.有影响的,有权势的
参考例句:
  • He always tries to get in with the most influential people.他总是试图巴结最有影响的人物。
  • He is a very influential man in the government.他在政府中是个很有影响的人物。
6 Buddhism 8SZy6     
n.佛教(教义)
参考例句:
  • Buddhism was introduced into China about 67 AD.佛教是在公元67年左右传入中国的。
  • Many people willingly converted to Buddhism.很多人情愿皈依佛教。
7 testament yyEzf     
n.遗嘱;证明
参考例句:
  • This is his last will and testament.这是他的遗愿和遗嘱。
  • It is a testament to the power of political mythology.这说明,编造政治神话可以产生多大的威力。
8 exodus khnzj     
v.大批离去,成群外出
参考例句:
  • The medical system is facing collapse because of an exodus of doctors.由于医生大批离去,医疗系统面临崩溃。
  • Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet.人在当前所遇到的最大挑战,就是要防止人从这个星球上消失。

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