英语单词中的前缀和后缀

时间:2022-11-16 04:17:50

(单词翻译:单击)

通过改变单词的前缀或后缀可以使单词的意思或词性发生变化。比如,更改词的后缀可以把这个单词从名词变成动词或者形容词,甚至再变回名词。这是一个非常实用的语言技巧。下面的六个题会帮助你更好地理解单词的前后缀及其用法。
 
1. The suffix1 '-proof' adds the meaning 'protected against'. Which of these is not a common use of '-proof'?
 
a) Waterproof2
 
b) Bulletproof
 
c) Foolproof
 
d) Metalproof
 
2. The suffix '-phobe' adds the meaning 'a person who fears something' – for example an arachnophobe is a person who fears spiders. But what would a lover of spiders be called?
 
a) arachnophile
 
b) arachnoamor
 
c) arachnolove
 
d) arachno-holic
 
3. In many cases a prefix3 added to a word gives it the opposite meaning, for example happy and unhappy. However, in some cases, prefixes4 can be misleading. All but one of these pairs of words have the same meaning. Which pair does not have the same meaning?
 
a) flammable and inflammable
 
b) press and depress
 
c) habitable and inhabitable
 
d) valuable and invaluable5
 
4. English has several suffixes6 which mean 'having a quality close to…' Which of these suffixes cannot be used in this way? 
 
a) '-ly' My horse is not exactly quick…more like quickly.
 
b) 'esque' Well, it's no Kafka, but I'll admit that it's Kafkaesque.
 
c) 'y' It's not fruity, but it's quite fruity!
 
d) 'ish' You are acting7 like a child. Don't be so childish.
 
5. Many prefixes relate to the quantity or quality of something, which can be more than or less than. Which of these relates to being of greater quantity or quality?
 
a) 'arch' – archenemy
 
b) 'micro' - microchip
 
c) 'sub' – subpar
 
d) 'under' - undercooked
 
6. Several prefixes communicate a quantity in numbers, telling us how much or how many as well as the meaning of the root word. Which of these does not relate to a number?
 
a) 'mono' – I want to take the new monorail they have just built.
 
b) 'tri' – He's going to be doing a triathlon this summer.
 
c) 'poly' – She's a bit of a polyglot8. She speaks so many languages.
 
d) 'omni' – Many humans are omnivores. They eat meat and vegetation.
 
1) d, 2) a, 3) d, 4) a, 5) a, 6) d.

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1 suffix AhMzMc     
n.后缀;vt.添后缀
参考例句:
  • We add the suffix "ly" to make the adjective "quick" into the adverb " quickly ".我们在形容词“ quick”后加“ly” 构成副词“quickly”。
  • It described the meaning of suffix array and also how to built it.它描述的含义,后缀数组以及如何建立它。
2 waterproof Ogvwp     
n.防水材料;adj.防水的;v.使...能防水
参考例句:
  • My mother bought me a waterproof watch.我妈妈给我买了一块防水手表。
  • All the electronics are housed in a waterproof box.所有电子设备都储放在一个防水盒中。
3 prefix 1lizVl     
n.前缀;vt.加…作为前缀;置于前面
参考例句:
  • We prefix "Mr."to a man's name.我们在男士的姓名前加“先生”。
  • In the word "unimportant ","un-" is a prefix.在单词“unimportant”中“un”是前缀。
4 prefixes 735e5189fad047c92ac9f292e73ed303     
n.前缀( prefix的名词复数 );人名前的称谓;前置代号(置于前面的单词或字母、数字)
参考例句:
  • The prefixes cis and trans are frequently applied to disubstituted cycloalkanes. 词头顺和反常用于双取代的环烷烃。 来自辞典例句
  • Why do you use so many prefixes while talking? 你说起话来,怎么这么多中缀? 来自互联网
5 invaluable s4qxe     
adj.无价的,非常宝贵的,极为贵重的
参考例句:
  • A computer would have been invaluable for this job.一台计算机对这个工作的作用会是无法估计的。
  • This information was invaluable to him.这个消息对他来说是非常宝贵的。
6 suffixes aa1fb6808a200d35fffc21ecb13cfdd7     
n.后缀,词尾( suffix的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Many domain name suffixes have failed to gain general popularity. 很多域名后缀没有获得一般的通用性。 来自互联网
  • For example, consider the use of prefixes and suffixes. 例如,那前缀和后缀的使用来说。 来自互联网
7 acting czRzoc     
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的
参考例句:
  • Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她,她只是假装的。
  • During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代,她的表演生涯黯然失色。
8 polyglot MOAxK     
adj.通晓数种语言的;n.通晓多种语言的人
参考例句:
  • He was a round old man with a guttural,polyglot accent.他是一位肥胖的老人,讲话时带有多种语言混合的多喉音的声调。
  • Thanks to his polyglot aptitude,he made rapid progress.由于他有学习语言的天才,他学习的进度很快。

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