拜登政府万亿美元经济刺激计划导致美国陷入高通胀Biden’s big-s

时间:2023-07-03 01:45:04

(单词翻译:单击)

 
美国《华盛顿时报》近日报道,旧金山联邦储备银行的一项新研究表明,拜登政府的1.9万亿美元经济刺激计划导致美国陷入高通胀。2021年3月11日,美国总统拜登正式签署1.9万亿美元新冠纾困法案,致力于缓解疫情给美国民众带来的经济困境,推动个人消费增长,提升经济增速。但一些经济学家认为,结果与预期相差甚远。
 
Washington’s multitrillion-dollar spending habit has driven inflation across the US higher than in most other Western countries, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
据旧金山联邦储备银行称,拜登政府的万亿美元财政刺激政策导致美国的通胀率高于其他西方国家。
A report released by the bank said the US inflation rate spiked1 higher than other countries in March 2021, shortly after Congress passed President Biden’s $1.9 trillion COVID-19 relief package.
该机构发布报告称,2021年3月,美国国会通过拜登总统的1.9万亿美元(约合12.1万亿元人民币)新冠纾困计划不久之后,美国的通货膨胀率飙升,超过其他国家。
“Fiscal support measures designed to counteract2 the severity of the pandemic’s economic effect may have contributed to this divergence3 by raising inflation about 3 percentage points by the end of 2021,” analysts5 wrote.
分析人士称:“这些财政支持政策旨在抵消疫情对经济造成的严重影响,但2021年底美国的通胀率因此提高了约三个百分点。”
Economists6 argue that the current round of inflation that is wracking the economy results from the lingering effects of the coronavirus pandemic and the supply-chain crisis it spawned7. They say COVID-19 shuttered businesses while driving up overhead costs through public health mandates8 for those that remained open.
经济学家们认为,新冠疫情及其引发的供应链危机产生的持续影响导致了当前一轮正在摧毁美国经济的通货膨胀。疫情致使企业停工,同时强制防疫措施导致仍在经营的企业成本增加。
As factories closed and international trade came to a halt, businesses still in operation were forced to hike prices even higher to account for the limited supply of goods and services, according to economists. Congress only boosted the demand for those goods and services by doling9 out trillions of dollars in coronavirus relief, including three direct payments to families worth upwards10 of $3,200.
经济学家表示,随着工厂关门,国际贸易陷入停滞,仍在运营的企业被迫进一步提高价格,以应对商品和服务供应有限的问题。美国国会只是通过发放数万亿美元的新冠救济金来刺激需求,包括向美国家庭直接发放三笔超过3200美元(约合2万元人民币)的款项。
Officially, the money was meant to stimulate11 an economy that was in free fall. Although that worked in theory, when coupled with the supply chain issues, the result was far different than desired.
据公布,此举旨在提振不景气的经济。虽然理论上是可行的,但再加上供应链问题,结果与预期相差甚远。
“Both Democrats12 and Republicans have dangerously inflated13 prices by pumping trillions into the economy since the onset14 of the pandemic,” said David Ditch, a federal budget analyst4 at the Heritage Foundation. “They essentially15 created a situation where too much money was chasing too few goods.”
美国传统基金联邦预算分析员大卫·迪奇表示:“疫情发生后,民主党和共和党都通过发放数万亿美元的刺激金,而引发了危险的通货膨胀。他们基本上造成了一种情况,即钱太多商品太少。”
Democrats disagree that Mr. Biden’s massive coronavirus relief bill is the culprit. They say the supply chain crisis started long before Mr. Biden entered the White House and that other factors like corporate16 greed are at play.
民主党人士并不认同拜登政府的新冠纾困法案是导致高通胀的罪魁祸首的观点。他们称,供应链危机早在拜登入主白宫之前就开始了,企业的贪婪等其他因素也是通胀率上升的原因。
“There is more to these price spikes17 — some businesses are simply price gouging18 consumers,” said House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Frank Pallone of New Jersey19. “These outrageous20 actions have been constant throughout the pandemic, evolving with each phase and disproportionately harming the most vulnerable when they can least afford it.”
新泽西州众议院能源和商务委员会主席弗兰克·帕隆说:“商品和服务价格飙升的原因还不止这些——一些企业在哄抬物价,这些令人愤慨的行为在整个疫情期间一直存在,随着每个阶段的发展而变化,并在人们最不堪重负的时候给他们带来巨大的伤害。”
Although the coronavirus relief bills passed under then-President Trump21 helped fuel inflation, Mr. Biden’s $1.9 trillion exacerbated22 the situation by pouring more money into the economy just as it was starting to rebound23 from the pandemic, according to economists.
据经济学家称,特朗普政府时期通过的新冠救助法案加剧了通货膨胀,但拜登政府1.9万亿美元的刺激计划使情况更加恶化,因为经济回暖之际,拜登政府发放了更多刺激金。
“Even liberal economists like the Obama White House’s Larry Summers warned that Biden’s big spending spree would set off inflation,” said Sen. Mike Braun, Indiana Republican.
印第安纳州共和党参议员迈克·布劳恩称:“就连奥巴马政府的拉里·萨默斯等自由派经济学家也警告称,拜登的大举支出会引发通货膨胀。”
The San Francisco Federal Reserve supports that view. The bank’s report notes that when not accounting24 for food and energy, inflation rose by 3% throughout 2021 — the highest rate since the 1980s. In comparison, countries like Canada, the United Kingdom and Germany saw a more gradual increase over the same time.
旧金山联邦储备银行认同这一观点。该机构报告指出,在不考虑食品和能源的情况下,通货膨胀率在2021年间上升了3%,这是自20世纪80年代以来的最高水平。相比之下,加拿大、英国和德国等在同一时期的通胀率增长较为缓慢。

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1 spiked 5fab019f3e0b17ceef04e9d1198b8619     
adj.有穗的;成锥形的;有尖顶的
参考例句:
  • The editor spiked the story. 编辑删去了这篇报道。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • They wondered whether their drinks had been spiked. 他们有些疑惑自己的饮料里是否被偷偷搀了烈性酒。 来自辞典例句
2 counteract vzlxb     
vt.对…起反作用,对抗,抵消
参考例句:
  • The doctor gave him some medicine to counteract the effect of the poison.医生给他些药解毒。
  • Our work calls for mutual support.We shouldn't counteract each other's efforts.工作要互相支持,不要互相拆台。
3 divergence kkazz     
n.分歧,岔开
参考例句:
  • There is no sure cure for this transatlantic divergence.没有什么灵丹妙药可以消除大西洋两岸的分歧。
  • In short,it was an age full of conflicts and divergence of values.总之,这一时期是矛盾与价值观分歧的时期。
4 analyst gw7zn     
n.分析家,化验员;心理分析学家
参考例句:
  • What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务?
  • The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。
5 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448     
分析家,化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
6 economists 2ba0a36f92d9c37ef31cc751bca1a748     
n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
  • Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 spawned f3659a6561090f869f5f32f7da4b950e     
(鱼、蛙等)大量产(卵)( spawn的过去式和过去分词 ); 大量生产
参考例句:
  • The band's album spawned a string of hit singles. 这支乐队的专辑繁衍出一连串走红的单曲唱片。
  • The computer industry has spawned a lot of new companies. 由于电脑工业的发展,许多新公司纷纷成立。
8 mandates 2acac1276dba74275e1c7c1a20146ad9     
托管(mandate的第三人称单数形式)
参考例句:
  • Individual mandates would require all people to purchase health insurance. 个人托管要求所有人都要购买健康保险。
  • While I agree with those benefits, I'm not a supporter of mandates. 我同意上述好处,我不是授权软件的支持者。
9 doling c727602dcb2ca33cfd9ea1b5baaff15a     
救济物( dole的现在分词 ); 失业救济金
参考例句:
  • "What are you doling?'she once demanded over the intercom. 有一次他母亲通过对讲机问他:“你在干什么? 来自英汉非文学 - 科学史
  • Many scrollbars are quite parsimonious in doling out information to users. 很多滚动条都很吝啬,给用户传递的信息太少。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
10 upwards lj5wR     
adv.向上,在更高处...以上
参考例句:
  • The trend of prices is still upwards.物价的趋向是仍在上涨。
  • The smoke rose straight upwards.烟一直向上升。
11 stimulate wuSwL     
vt.刺激,使兴奋;激励,使…振奋
参考例句:
  • Your encouragement will stimulate me to further efforts.你的鼓励会激发我进一步努力。
  • Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.成功能鼓舞人们去作新的努力。
12 democrats 655beefefdcaf76097d489a3ff245f76     
n.民主主义者,民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
  • The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》
13 inflated Mqwz2K     
adj.(价格)飞涨的;(通货)膨胀的;言过其实的;充了气的v.使充气(于轮胎、气球等)( inflate的过去式和过去分词 );(使)膨胀;(使)通货膨胀;物价上涨
参考例句:
  • He has an inflated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。
  • They all seem to take an inflated view of their collective identity. 他们对自己的集体身份似乎都持有一种夸大的看法。 来自《简明英汉词典》
14 onset bICxF     
n.进攻,袭击,开始,突然开始
参考例句:
  • The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。
  • Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。
15 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上
参考例句:
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
16 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
17 spikes jhXzrc     
n.穗( spike的名词复数 );跑鞋;(防滑)鞋钉;尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 );偷偷地给某人的饮料加入(更多)酒精( 或药物);把尖状物钉入;打乱某人的计划
参考例句:
  • a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
  • There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉,以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
18 gouging 040ded02b3a58081f7b774c4c20b755f     
n.刨削[槽]v.凿( gouge的现在分词 );乱要价;(在…中)抠出…;挖出…
参考例句:
  • Banks and credit-card companies have been accused of gouging their customers. 银行和信用卡公司被指控欺诈顾客。 来自辞典例句
  • If back-gouging is applied, grinding to bright metal is required. 如果采用火焰气刨,则应将其打磨至可见光亮的金属表面。 来自互联网
19 jersey Lp5zzo     
n.运动衫
参考例句:
  • He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
  • They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致,都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。
20 outrageous MvFyH     
adj.无理的,令人不能容忍的
参考例句:
  • Her outrageous behaviour at the party offended everyone.她在聚会上的无礼行为触怒了每一个人。
  • Charges for local telephone calls are particularly outrageous.本地电话资费贵得出奇。
21 trump LU1zK     
n.王牌,法宝;v.打出王牌,吹喇叭
参考例句:
  • He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
  • The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手,作为他的王牌。
22 exacerbated 93c37be5dc6e60a8bbd0f2eab618d2eb     
v.使恶化,使加重( exacerbate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs. 这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。
  • The drugs they gave her only exacerbated the pain. 他们给她吃的药只是加重了她的痛楚。 来自《简明英汉词典》
23 rebound YAtz1     
v.弹回;n.弹回,跳回
参考例句:
  • The vibrations accompanying the rebound are the earth quake.伴随这种回弹的振动就是地震。
  • Our evil example will rebound upon ourselves.我们的坏榜样会回到我们自己头上的。
24 accounting nzSzsY     
n.会计,会计学,借贷对照表
参考例句:
  • A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。
  • There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。

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