科技助力春耕 筑牢粮食丰收基础Latest methods play vital role

 

眼下，正是春耕春管的关键时期，各地抢抓农时，利用现代科技助力春耕春管，为全年粮食稳产丰收夯实基础。

 

It was cloudy on Thursday in Mazhuang, a town in the city of Tai'an, which is a major wheat production area in Shandong province. Rain was forecast for the next day.

3月24日，泰安市马庄镇天气多云，预计明日有雨。马庄镇是山东省主要小麦产区。

Xue Lina, who runs an agricultural cooperative in the town, walked through a large expanse of land used to grow wheat, viewing green seedlings¹ swaying in the breeze.

39岁的薛丽娜在马庄镇经营一家农业合作社，她穿过一大片麦田，绿色的幼苗在微风中摇曳。

This year has proved tougher for Xue, 39, than previous ones, as she noticed more vulnerable wheat seedlings when the crop started to turn green last month.

今年，薛丽娜的处境比往年艰难，因为上个月小麦返青后她发现有些弱苗。

"This vulnerability is probably due to late planting as a result of flooding in the autumn," she said, adding the winter wheat planting in the town was delayed for 20 days.

薛丽娜说：“出现弱苗，可能是因为去年的秋汛导致播种推迟。”她说，马庄镇的冬小麦种植推迟了20天。

By taking technical instruction, Xue and her colleagues have been quick to offset² the impact arising from late planting.

薛丽娜和同事在接受技术指导后，很快消除了晚播对小麦长势的影响。

To improve crop nutrition, organic fertilizer must be spread on dozens of hectares of wheat on days when rainfall is likely.

为了改善作物营养，在可能降雨的日子，必须对几十公顷的小麦施用有机肥料。

Mechanization is on hand to help, with two of the cooperative's workers using agricultural drones to spread fertilizer over the wheat on Thursday.

这时机械化发挥了作用，合作社的两名员工在当天使用农业无人机给小麦施肥。

"A single drone can spread fertilizer over about 10 hectares of farmland in a day," Xue said, adding that drones spread more evenly than agricultural workers.

薛丽娜说：“一架无人机一天可以在大约10公顷的农田上施肥。无人机施肥比人工施肥更均匀。”

Xue is not the only one whose seedlings have been affected³ by late planting.

不止薛丽娜一家的麦苗受到晚播影响。

Last year, more than 7 million hectares of winter wheat were planted late due to flooding in Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and Shaanxi provinces, according to the Ministry⁴ of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. This accounts for one-third of the total area of winter wheat planted nationwide last year, posing challenges to this year's summer grain harvest.

根据农业农村部数据，去年，由于河北、山西、山东、河南和陕西的洪水，超过700万公顷的冬小麦被推迟种植，占去年全国冬小麦总种植面积的三分之一，今年夏粮丰收面临挑战。

Mainly comprising winter wheat, the summer grain harvest is one of the two major harvests in China－the other being autumn grain, which includes corn and mid- and late-season rice.

夏收粮食主要包括冬小麦，是我国主要粮食收成之一，另一种是秋收粮食，包括玉米、中稻和晚稻。

The summer harvest accounted for one-fifth of China's grain production last year, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.

国家统计局数据显示，去年夏收粮食占全国粮食产量的五分之一。

As the Russia-Ukraine conflict persists, agricultural experts are worried about surging global food prices caused by many factors, including supply chain disruptions in Ukraine and Western sanctions against Russia. The two countries are among the top five wheat exporters, accounting⁵ for 29 percent of the global total.

随着俄乌冲突的持续，农业专家担心，乌克兰供应链中断以及西方对俄制裁等多重因素会造成全球食品价格飙升。俄乌两国是全球前五大小麦出口国，占全球小麦出口总量的29%。

China is strengthening field management for wheat that is planted late, according to this year's Government Work Report delivered by Premier⁶ Li Keqiang at the fifth session of the 13th National People's Congress on March 5.

国务院总理李克强5日在政府工作报告中指出，要针对小麦晚播强化夏粮田间管理。

Central and local authorities in major wheat production provinces have made efforts to promote the growth of vulnerable seedlings a key task for spring farmwork.

我国小麦主产区所在省的各级政府已将促进弱苗转壮作为春耕的一项关键任务。

Since last month, experts have been sent to key wheat production areas by agricultural authorities to help farmers improve the quality of vulnerable seedlings.

自上个月以来，农业部门已向主要小麦产区派遣专家，帮助农民提高弱苗质量。

Wang Fahong, a member of the team of wheat experts at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that thanks to prompt efforts, including technical guidance and the machinery⁷ used at almost every stage of wheat growing, most vulnerable seedlings have recovered and are being grown in good conditions.

农业农村部小麦专家指导组成员王法宏称，在技术指导和小麦种植各阶段机械化操作等及时努力下，大部分弱苗已经转壮，并在良好的条件下生长。

During the past two months, Wang, 60, who works at the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, has visited most wheat production areas in Shandong to examine seedlings and soil conditions.

在过去的两个月里，60岁的王法宏走访了山东大部分小麦产区，检查幼苗和土壤状况。

"The conditions for seedlings this year are more complicated. We need to provide different treatment measures according to the conditions of the seedlings and soil," Wang said.

在山东省农业科学院工作的他说：“今年的麦苗种植条件更复杂。我们需要根据麦苗和土壤的条件采取不同的处理措施。”

One favorable factor is that temperatures during the winter were higher than in previous years, providing sound conditions for growing wheat, Wang added.

王法宏称，一个有利因素是去年冬季的温度比往年高，为种植小麦提供了良好的条件。

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